Huang Yunzhi, Ji Zhe, Zhang Siyu, Li Shan
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
J Plant Physiol. 2024 Mar;294:154191. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154191. Epub 2024 Feb 5.
Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important nutrients for crop plant performance, however, the excessive application of nitrogenous fertilizers in agriculture significantly increases production costs and causes severe environmental problems. Therefore, comprehensively understanding the molecular mechanisms of N-use efficiency (NUE) with the aim of developing new crop varieties that combine high yields with improved NUE is an urgent goal for achieving more sustainable agriculture. Plant NUE is a complex trait that is affected by multiple factors, of which hormones are known to play pivotal roles. In this review, we focus on the interaction between the biosynthesis and signaling pathways of plant hormones with N metabolism, and summarize recent studies on the interplay between hormones and N, including how N regulates multiple hormone biosynthesis, transport and signaling and how hormones modulate root system architecture (RSA) in response to external N sources. Finally, we explore potential strategies for promoting crop NUE by modulating hormone synthesis, transport and signaling. This provides insights for future breeding of N-efficient crop varieties and the advancement of sustainable agriculture.
氮（N）是影响作物生长性能的最重要养分之一，然而，农业中过量施用氮肥会显著增加生产成本并导致严重的环境问题。因此，全面了解氮利用效率（NUE）的分子机制，以培育出高产且NUE提高的新作物品种，是实现更可持续农业的紧迫目标。植物NUE是一个受多种因素影响的复杂性状，其中激素起着关键作用。在本综述中，我们重点关注植物激素生物合成和信号通路与氮代谢之间的相互作用，并总结激素与氮相互作用的最新研究，包括氮如何调节多种激素的生物合成、运输和信号传导，以及激素如何响应外部氮源调节根系结构（RSA）。最后，我们探讨通过调节激素合成、运输和信号传导来提高作物NUE的潜在策略。这为未来高效氮作物品种的育种和可持续农业的发展提供了思路。
