Chu Jen-Hong, Huang Tzu-Wei
Department of Aquatic Biosciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 600, Taiwan.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Jan 26;14(3):404. doi: 10.3390/ani14030404.
This study investigated the effects of substituting fish meal (FM) with black soldier fly () meal (BSM) on the growth performance, body composition, immune response, and antioxidant enzyme activity of juvenile redclaw crayfish (). Four isonitrogenous (41%) and isolipidic (11%) diets (i.e., FM substitutes) were formulated from BSM prepared using larvae that were fed soybean meal (BSM-S), fishery byproducts (BSM-F), or pitaya (BSM-P). The experimental diets were fed twice daily to triplicate groups of juvenile redclaw crayfish (0.56 ± 0.04 g). After the feed trial, the FM and BSM-F groups exhibited significantly lower feed conversion ratios and significantly higher weight gain; specific growth rates; and concentrations of saturated fatty acids, highly unsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid in the muscle. Among the tested groups, the BSM-F group exhibited significantly enhanced immune responses and increased antioxidant enzyme activity (i.e., superoxide dismutase, phenoloxidase, and glutathione peroxidase); the BSM-P group exhibited a significantly higher feed intake and hepatopancreatic index; and the FM group exhibited a significantly higher muscle body index and apparent digestibility for the dry matter of crude protein. The findings indicate that the juvenile redclaw crayfish fed BSM-F achieved the highest weight gain among the groups.
本研究调查了用黑水虻（BSF）粉替代鱼粉（FM）对幼年红螯螯虾生长性能、身体组成、免疫反应和抗氧化酶活性的影响。使用以豆粕（BSM-S）、渔业副产品（BSM-F）或火龙果（BSM-P）喂养的幼虫制备的BSF粉配制了四种等氮（41%）和等脂（11%）的饲料（即FM替代物）。将实验饲料每天投喂两次，每组投喂三只重复的幼年红螯螯虾（0.56±0.04克）。饲料试验结束后，FM组和BSM-F组的饲料转化率显著较低，增重、特定生长率以及肌肉中饱和脂肪酸、高度不饱和脂肪酸、二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸的浓度显著较高。在测试组中，BSM-F组的免疫反应显著增强，抗氧化酶活性（即超氧化物歧化酶、酚氧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶）增加；BSM-P组的采食量和肝胰腺指数显著较高；FM组的肌肉体指数和粗蛋白干物质的表观消化率显著较高。研究结果表明，在各组中，投喂BSM-F的幼年红螯螯虾增重最高。
