Liu Zhen, Cui Bingyan, Yang Qifeng, Gu Xingyu
Department of Roadway Engineering, School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Feb 3;24(3):994. doi: 10.3390/s24030994.
The Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of pavement infrastructures holds paramount significance in the assessment and prognostication of the remaining service life of roadways. In response to this imperative, a methodology for surveilling the surface and internal mechanical responses of pavements was devised through the amalgamation of Accelerated Pavement Testing (APT) and Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) examinations. An experimental road segment, characterized by a conventional asphalt pavement structure with semi-rigid bases, was meticulously established in Jiangsu, China. Considering nine distinct influencing factors, including loading speed, loading weight, and temperature, innovative buried and layout configurations for Resistive Sensors and Fiber-optic Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors were devised. These configurations facilitated the comprehensive assessment of stress and strain within the road structure across diverse APT conditions. The methodology encompassed the formulation of response baselines, the conversion of electrical signals to stress and strain signals, and the proposition of a signal processing approach involving partial filtering and noise reduction. In experimental findings, the asphalt bottom layer was observed to undergo alternate tensile strains under dynamic loads (the peak strain was ten με). Simultaneously, the horizontal transverse sensor exhibited compressive strains peaking at 66.5 με. The horizontal longitudinal strain within the base and subbase ranged between 3 and 5 με, with the base registering a higher strain value than the subbase. When subjected to FWD, the sensor indicated a diminishing peak pulse signal, with the most pronounced peak response occurring when the load plate was situated atop the sensor. In summary, a comprehensive suite of monitoring schemes for road structures has been formulated, delineating guidelines for the deployment of road sensors and facilitating sustained performance observation over extended durations.
路面基础设施的结构健康监测（SHM）在评估和预测道路剩余使用寿命方面具有至关重要的意义。针对这一需求，通过将加速路面测试（APT）和落锤式弯沉仪（FWD）检测相结合，设计了一种监测路面表面和内部力学响应的方法。在中国江苏精心建造了一段试验路段，其特点是具有半刚性基层的传统沥青路面结构。考虑了包括加载速度、加载重量和温度在内的九个不同影响因素，设计了电阻式传感器和光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）传感器的创新埋设和布局配置。这些配置有助于在不同的APT条件下全面评估道路结构内的应力和应变。该方法包括制定响应基线、将电信号转换为应力和应变信号，以及提出一种涉及局部滤波和降噪的信号处理方法。实验结果表明，沥青底层在动态荷载作用下会经历交替拉伸应变（峰值应变为10 με）。同时，水平横向传感器的压缩应变峰值为66.5 με。基层和底基层内的水平纵向应变在3至5 με之间，基层的应变值高于底基层。在FWD作用下，传感器显示峰值脉冲信号逐渐减小，当荷载板位于传感器上方时，峰值响应最为明显。总之，已经制定了一套全面的道路结构监测方案，划定了道路传感器部署指南，并便于在较长时间内持续进行性能观测。
