Feng Tianjiao, Qi Yulin, Zhang Yufei, Fan Dehui, Wei Tianxing, Wang Ping, Keesstra Saskia D, Cerdà Artemi
Jixian National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, CNERN, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China.
Upper and Middle Yellow River Bureau, YRCC, Fengcheng 3rd Road 200, Xi'an, 710021, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
J Environ Manage. 2024 Mar;354:120296. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120296. Epub 2024 Feb 10.
It is crucial for understanding the variations of carbon and nutrient pools within the ecosystems during long-term vegetation restoration to accurately assess the effects of different ecological restoration patterns. However, the long-term spatio-temporal variations of carbon and nutrient pools under different vegetation types remain unclear. The sites for long-term natural and planted forests (i.e., Natural secondary forest, Pinus tabulaeformis planted forest, Platycladus orientalis planted forest, and Robinia pseudoacacia planted forest) on the northeastern Loess Plateau, China were selected, to measure and analyze the differences and interannual variations of vegetation attributes at four synusiae and soil properties at 0-100 cm over the period of 12 years (2006-2017). The principal component analysis (PCA) and Mantel test were also conducted to explore the relationships among vegetation attributes, soil properties, and carbon and nutrient pools. The results showed that: compared with the planted forests, the natural secondary forest had lower arborous biomass (84.21 ± 1.53 t hm) and higher understory biomass and plant heights. Compared to planted forests, the secondary forest had higher soil carbon and nitrogen contents (13.74 ± 3.50 g kg and 1.16 ± 0.34 g kg). The soil carbon pool in the secondary forest was 22.0% higher than planted forests, while the vegetation carbon pool in the P. tabulaeformis was 75.5% higher than other forests. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Mantel test revealed that vegetation attributes and soil properties had significant correlations with carbon and nutrient pools, especially at the arborous synusia (p < 0.01). The findings indicated that in the ecologically fragile Loess Plateau region, the selection of appropriate vegetation restoration types should be guided by varying ecological restoration goals and benefits, aiming to expected ecological outcomes. This insight offers a strategic implication for forest management that is tailored to improve carbon and nutrient pools in areas with similar environmental conditions.
准确评估不同生态恢复模式的效果对于理解长期植被恢复过程中生态系统内碳和养分库的变化至关重要。然而，不同植被类型下碳和养分库的长期时空变化仍不清楚。在中国东北黄土高原地区，选择了长期天然林和人工林的样地（即天然次生林、油松人工林、侧柏人工林和刺槐人工林），测量并分析了12年（2006 - 2017年）期间四个层片的植被属性差异和年际变化以及0 - 100厘米土层的土壤性质。还进行了主成分分析（PCA）和Mantel检验，以探讨植被属性、土壤性质与碳和养分库之间的关系。结果表明：与人工林相比，天然次生林的乔木生物量较低（84.21 ± 1.53吨·公顷），林下生物量和植物高度较高。与人工林相比，次生林的土壤碳和氮含量较高（分别为13.74 ± 3.50克·千克和1.16 ± 0.34克·千克）。次生林土壤碳库比人工林高22.0%，而油松的植被碳库比其他森林高75.5%。主成分分析（PCA）和Mantel检验表明，植被属性和土壤性质与碳和养分库显著相关，尤其是在乔木层片（p < 0.01）。研究结果表明，在生态脆弱的黄土高原地区应根据不同的生态恢复目标和效益来指导选择合适的植被恢复类型，以实现预期的生态效果。这一见解为森林管理提供了战略启示，可以针对性地改善类似环境条件地区的碳和养分库。
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