State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Rd, Shanghai, 200444, China.
Process Metallurgy Research Group, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Mar;31(11):16274-16290. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-32235-y. Epub 2024 Feb 12.
Electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) is a hazardous by-product of steel production. As global steel output increases, substantial amounts of EAFD are produced, which causes significant environmental issues. EAFD contains quantities of Fe and Zn, which could be reused as raw materials in the steelmaking process. However, zinc oxides can be reduced and vaporized during this process, forming zinc vapor that contaminates equipment surfaces and causes damage. Consequently, various pyrometallurgical methods have been proposed for zinc removal from EAFD. Due to the extensive usage of carbonaceous materials, these methods contribute to significant CO, raising concerns about greenhouse gas emissions. Microwave heating offers an efficient, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly alternative to pyrometallurgical approaches. EAFD can generate heat under microwave irradiation without carbon addition, which means the CO emissions can be reduced by replacing the reductant in the microwave heating process. Furthermore, microwaves enhance zinc removal reactions to a certain extent, resulting in higher efficiency. Thus, employing microwave heating for EAFD processing has significant potential for future development. This paper reviews recent research on using microwave heating for zinc removal from EAFD, focusing on the heating behavior of EAFD in microwaves and the mechanisms of zinc removal. This review will be crucial for researchers working on processing EAFD using microwave heating and could help guide the development of more sustainable and efficient methods.
电弧炉粉尘（EAFD）是钢铁生产的一种危险副产品。随着全球钢铁产量的增加，大量的 EAFD 被产生，这导致了严重的环境问题。EAFD 含有大量的铁和锌，可以作为炼钢过程中的原材料重新使用。然而，在这个过程中，氧化锌可以被还原和蒸发，形成锌蒸气，污染设备表面并造成损坏。因此，已经提出了各种火法冶金方法来从 EAFD 中去除锌。由于广泛使用碳质材料，这些方法导致大量的 CO 排放，引起对温室气体排放的关注。微波加热提供了一种高效、节能和环保的替代火法冶金方法的选择。EAFD 在没有添加碳的情况下可以在微波辐射下产生热量，这意味着通过在微波加热过程中替代还原剂，可以减少 CO 排放。此外，微波在一定程度上增强了锌去除反应，从而提高了效率。因此，采用微波加热处理 EAFD 具有很大的发展潜力。本文综述了最近利用微波加热从 EAFD 中去除锌的研究，重点介绍了 EAFD 在微波中的加热行为和锌去除的机制。这篇综述对于从事利用微波加热处理 EAFD 的研究人员来说至关重要，并可能有助于指导更可持续和高效方法的开发。
