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植物中有机磷酸酯(OPEs)的吸收、转运和代谢及其对人类健康的影响:综述

Uptake, translocation, and metabolism of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in plants and health perspective for human: A review.

作者信息

Lao Zhi-Lang, Wu Dan, Li Hui-Ru, Feng Yu-Fei, Zhang Long-Wei, Jiang Xue-Yi, Liu Yi-Shan, Wu Dong-Wei, Hu Jun-Jie

机构信息

SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.

Research Groups Microbiology and Plant Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.

出版信息

Environ Res. 2024 May 15;249:118431. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118431. Epub 2024 Feb 10.

Abstract

Plant uptake, accumulation, and transformation of organophosphate esters (OPEs) play vital roles in their geochemical cycles and exposure risks. Here we reviewed the recent research advances in OPEs in plants. The mean OPE concentrations based on dry/wet/lipid weight varied in 4.80-3,620/0.287-26.8/12,000-315,000 ng g in field plants, and generally showed positive correlations with those in plant habitats. OPEs with short-chain substituents and high hydrophilicity, particularly the commonly used chlorinated OPEs, showed dominance in most plant samples, whereas some tree barks, fruits, seeds, and roots demonstrated dominance of hydrophobic OPEs. Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic OPEs can enter plants via root and foliar uptake, and the former pathway is mainly passively mediated by various membrane proteins. After entry, different OPEs undergo diverse subcellular distributions and acropetal/basipetal/intergenerational translocations, depending on their physicochemical properties. Hydrophilic OPEs mainly exist in cell sap and show strong transferability, hydrophobic OPEs demonstrate dominant distributions in cell wall and limited migrations owing to the interception of Casparian strips and cell wall. Additionally, plant species, transpiration capacity, growth stages, commensal microorganisms, and habitats also affect OPE uptake and transfer in plants. OPE metabolites derived from various Phase I transformations and Phase II conjugations are increasingly identified in plants, and hydrolysis and hydroxylation are the most common metabolic processes. The metabolisms and products of OPEs are closely associated with their structures and degradation resistance and plant species. In contrast, plant-derived food consumption contributes considerably to the total dietary intakes of OPEs by human, particularly the cereals, and merits specifical attention. Based on the current research limitations, we proposed the research perspectives regarding OPEs in plants, with the emphases on their behavior and fate in field plants, interactions with plant-related microorganisms, multiple uptake pathways and mechanisms, and comprehensive screening analysis and risk evaluation.

摘要

有机磷酸酯(OPEs)在植物中的吸收、积累和转化在其地球化学循环和暴露风险中起着至关重要的作用。在此,我们综述了植物中OPEs的最新研究进展。基于干重/湿重/脂重的OPE平均浓度在田间植物中为4.80 - 3620/0.287 - 26.8/12000 - 315000 ng/g,并且通常与植物栖息地中的浓度呈正相关。具有短链取代基和高亲水性的OPEs,特别是常用的氯化OPEs,在大多数植物样本中占主导地位,而一些树皮、果实、种子和根则表现出疏水性OPEs占主导。亲水性和疏水性OPEs都可以通过根系和叶面吸收进入植物,前者主要由各种膜蛋白被动介导。进入植物后,不同的OPEs会根据其理化性质经历不同的亚细胞分布和向顶/向基/代际转运。亲水性OPEs主要存在于细胞液中并表现出很强的转移性,疏水性OPEs由于凯氏带和细胞壁的截留而在细胞壁中占主导分布且迁移有限。此外,植物种类、蒸腾能力、生长阶段、共生微生物和栖息地也会影响植物对OPEs的吸收和转运。在植物中越来越多地鉴定出源自各种I相转化和II相结合的OPE代谢产物,水解和羟基化是最常见的代谢过程。OPEs的代谢及其产物与它们的结构、降解抗性和植物种类密切相关。相比之下,植物性食物的消费对人类OPEs的总膳食摄入量有相当大的贡献,特别是谷物,值得特别关注。基于当前的研究局限性,我们提出了关于植物中OPEs的研究展望,重点是它们在田间植物中的行为和归宿、与植物相关微生物的相互作用、多种吸收途径和机制,以及综合筛选分析和风险评估。

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