Institute of Genetics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the University at Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47A, 50674, Cologne, Germany.
Institute of Neurophysiology and Cellular Biophysics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen Germany, and Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany.
Cell Tissue Res. 2024 Apr;396(1):95-102. doi: 10.1007/s00441-024-03859-w. Epub 2024 Feb 13.
The odor space of aquatic organisms is by necessity quite different from that of air-breathing animals. The recognized odor classes in teleost fish include amino acids, bile acids, reproductive hormones, nucleotides, and a limited number of polyamines. Conversely, a significant portion of the fish olfactory receptor repertoire is composed of trace amine-associated receptors, generally assumed to be responsible for detecting amines. Zebrafish possess over one hundred of these receptors, but the responses of olfactory sensory neurons to amines have not been known so far. Here we examined odor responses of zebrafish olfactory epithelial explants at the cellular level, employing calcium imaging. We report that amines elicit strong responses in olfactory sensory neurons, with a time course characteristically different from that of ATP-responsive (basal) cells. A quantitative analysis of the laminar height distribution shows amine-responsive cells undistinguishable from ciliated neurons positive for olfactory marker protein. This distribution is significantly different from those measured for microvillous neurons positive for transient receptor potential channel 2 and basal cells positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Our results suggest amines as an important odor class for teleost fish.
水生生物的气味空间必然与空气呼吸动物的气味空间有很大不同。硬骨鱼类中公认的气味类别包括氨基酸、胆汁酸、生殖激素、核苷酸和数量有限的多胺。相反，鱼类嗅觉受体组成的很大一部分由痕量胺相关受体组成，这些受体通常被认为负责检测胺。斑马鱼拥有超过一百种这些受体，但到目前为止，还不知道嗅觉感觉神经元对胺的反应。在这里，我们在细胞水平上使用钙成像检查了斑马鱼嗅上皮外植体的气味反应。我们报告说，胺在嗅觉感觉神经元中引起强烈的反应，其时间过程明显不同于 ATP 反应性（基础）细胞。层状高度分布的定量分析表明，胺反应性细胞与嗅标记蛋白阳性的纤毛神经元无法区分。这种分布与微绒毛神经元（对瞬时受体电位通道 2 呈阳性）和增殖细胞核抗原呈阳性的基础细胞的分布有显著差异。我们的结果表明胺是硬骨鱼类的一个重要气味类别。
