Kumar A Arun, Kumar N Vinay, Snehal Deulkar, Gugapriya T S
Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Palakkad 678013, Kerala, India.
Maedica (Bucur). 2023 Dec;18(4):571-575. doi: 10.26574/maedica.2023.18.4.571.
Myocardial bridges (MB) are congenital anomalies of hearts observed as muscle fibers covering epicardial branches of the coronary artery. The left anterior descending artery (LAD) was found to be commonly showing myocardial bridges (MBs). Clinically, MBs were claimed to cause varied symptomatology. The data on the morphology and prevalence of MBs in fetuses was limited, despite the commonly accepted congenital origin. Fetal hearts obtained from 37 fetuses from the donation program were used. The hearts were dissected out from the thorax by standard dissection procedure. The pericardium and epicardium were dissected. The coronary arteries were delineated, and MBs were observed and noted. The coronary artery segment having MBs, its distance from the ostium as well as the direction and length of the MBs were studied. The MBs were observed in 20 out of 37 fetal hearts studied over the left anterior descending, right coronary, posterior interventricular and circumflex arteries. The mid or distal part of the coronary arteries frequently exhibited MBs. The mean length of the MB was 4.2 mm, with MBs being situated about 1.5 cm away from the coronary ostium. The oblique pattern of MB was more frequently noted. The morphology and prevalence of fetal MBs showed common occurrence in the LAD artery, with a predominant oblique morphological pattern.
心肌桥（MB）是一种心脏先天性异常，表现为覆盖冠状动脉心外膜分支的肌纤维。发现左前降支动脉（LAD）常见心肌桥（MB）。临床上，心肌桥被认为会引起多种症状。尽管普遍认为心肌桥起源于先天性，但关于胎儿心肌桥形态学和患病率的数据有限。使用了从捐赠项目中获取的37例胎儿心脏。通过标准解剖程序将心脏从胸腔中取出。解剖心包和心外膜。描绘冠状动脉，并观察和记录心肌桥。研究了存在心肌桥的冠状动脉节段、其距开口的距离以及心肌桥的方向和长度。在研究的37例胎儿心脏中，有20例在左前降支、右冠状动脉、后室间动脉和回旋动脉上观察到心肌桥。冠状动脉的中部或远端经常出现心肌桥。心肌桥的平均长度为4.2毫米，心肌桥距冠状动脉开口约1.5厘米。心肌桥的斜行模式更为常见。胎儿心肌桥的形态学和患病率表明，左前降支动脉中常见，主要为斜行形态模式。
