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实现中枢神经系统选择性 RNAi 的组合方法。

A combinatorial approach for achieving CNS-selective RNAi.

机构信息

RNA Therapeutics Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.

Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.

出版信息

Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 May 22;52(9):5273-5284. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkae100.

Abstract

RNA interference (RNAi) is an endogenous process that can be harnessed using chemically modified small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to potently modulate gene expression in many tissues. The route of administration and chemical architecture are the primary drivers of oligonucleotide tissue distribution, including siRNAs. Independently of the nature and type, oligonucleotides are eliminated from the body through clearance tissues, where their unintended accumulation may result in undesired gene modulation. Divalent siRNAs (di-siRNAs) administered into the CSF induce robust gene silencing throughout the central nervous system (CNS). Upon clearance from the CSF, they are mainly filtered by the kidneys and liver, with the most functionally significant accumulation occurring in the liver. siRNA- and miRNA-induced silencing can be blocked through substrate inhibition using single-stranded, stabilized oligonucleotides called antagomirs or anti-siRNAs. Using APOE as a model target, we show that undesired di-siRNA-induced silencing in the liver can be mitigated through administration of liver targeting GalNAc-conjugated anti-siRNAs, without impacting CNS activity. Blocking unwanted hepatic APOE silencing achieves fully CNS-selective silencing, essential for potential clinical translation. While we focus on CNS/liver selectivity, coadministration of differentially targeting siRNA and anti-siRNAs can be adapted as a strategy to achieve tissue selectivity in different organ combinations.

摘要

RNA 干扰 (RNAi) 是一种内源性过程,可以利用化学修饰的小干扰 RNA (siRNA) 来有效地调节许多组织中的基因表达。给药途径和化学结构是寡核苷酸组织分布的主要驱动因素,包括 siRNA。无论性质和类型如何,寡核苷酸都会通过清除组织从体内清除,其在这些组织中的意外积累可能导致不期望的基因调节。二价 siRNA (di-siRNA) 经 CSF 给药后可在整个中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中诱导强烈的基因沉默。从 CSF 清除后,它们主要通过肾脏和肝脏过滤,其中最具功能意义的积累发生在肝脏中。siRNA 和 miRNA 诱导的沉默可以通过使用称为反义寡核苷酸或反 siRNA 的单链稳定寡核苷酸进行底物抑制来阻断。我们以 APOE 作为模型靶标,表明通过给予肝脏靶向 GalNAc 缀合的反 siRNA 可以减轻肝脏中二价 siRNA 诱导的沉默,而不影响 CNS 活性。阻断不想要的 APOE 沉默可实现完全的 CNS 选择性沉默,这对于潜在的临床转化至关重要。虽然我们专注于 CNS/肝脏选择性,但可通过共给予具有不同靶向性的 siRNA 和反 siRNA 来适应作为在不同器官组合中实现组织选择性的策略。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bda4/11109952/53db6c831fd5/gkae100figgra1.jpg

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