de O. Andriola Fernando, Weinberg Yves, Swennen Gwen R. J.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital São Lucas, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Andriola Odontologia, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Minimally invasive (MI) surgery has been described by Hunter in 1999 as a discipline that involves a novel way to perform operative procedures with the main goal of decreasing the sequelae of traditional surgery. In the last two and a half decades, MI surgical approaches were developed in different medical surgical fields and within Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) toward different OMFS procedures such as temporomandibular joint (TMJ), facial trauma and salivary gland surgery. In this chapter, the background of MI orthognathic surgery and development of new MI orthognathic surgical techniques are described. Based on evidence-based literature “MI mindset” parameters and considerations toward optimizing surgical efficiency and decreasing patient morbidity are outlined. Finally, a new “Minimally Invasive Orthognathics Algorithm” that summarizes the overall concept to enhance the Quality of Live (QoL) of patients with maxillofacial deformity undergoing orthognathic/orthofacial surgery is presented.
1999年，亨特将微创（MI）手术描述为一门涉及以减少传统手术后遗症为主要目标的新型手术操作方式的学科。在过去的二十五年里，微创外科手术方法在不同的医学外科领域以及口腔颌面外科（OMFS）中得到了发展，用于不同的口腔颌面外科手术，如颞下颌关节（TMJ）手术、面部创伤手术和唾液腺手术。在本章中，将描述微创正颌外科的背景以及新的微创正颌外科技术的发展。基于循证文献，概述了“微创思维”参数以及优化手术效率和降低患者发病率的注意事项。最后，提出了一种新的“微创正颌算法”，该算法总结了提高接受正颌/正脸手术的颌面畸形患者生活质量（QoL）的总体概念。
