Rosen Joseph G, Mbizvo Michael T, Chelwa Nachela, Phiri Lyson, Cresswell Jenny A, Filippi Veronique, Kayeyi Nkomba
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Population Council, Lusaka, Zambia.
Stud Fam Plann. 2024 Mar;55(1):45-59. doi: 10.1111/sifp.12257. Epub 2024 Feb 13.
Relative to neighboring countries, Zambia has among the most progressive abortion policies, but numerous sociopolitical constraints inhibit knowledge of pregnancy termination rights and access to safe abortion services. Multistage cluster sampling was used to randomly select 1,486 women aged 15-44 years from households in three provinces. We used latent class analysis (LCA) to partition women into discrete groups based on patterns of endorsed support for legalized abortion on six socioeconomic and health conditions. Predictors of probabilistic membership in latent profiles of support for legal abortion services were identified through mixture modeling. A three-class solution of support patterns for legal abortion services emerged from LCA: (1) legal abortion opponents (∼58 percent) opposed legal abortion across scenarios; (2) legal abortion advocates (∼23 percent) universally endorsed legal protections for abortion care; and (3) conditional supporters of legal abortion (∼19 percent) only supported legal abortion in circumstances where the pregnancy threatened the fetus or mother. Advocates and Conditional supporters reported higher exposure to family planning messages compared to opponents. Relative to opponents, advocates were more educated, and Conditional supporters were wealthier. Findings reveal that attitudes towards abortion in Zambia are not monolithic, but women with access to financial/social assets exhibited more receptive attitudes towards legal abortion.
与邻国相比，赞比亚拥有较为进步的堕胎政策，但诸多社会政治限制因素阻碍了人们对终止妊娠权利的了解以及安全堕胎服务的获取。采用多阶段整群抽样方法，从三个省份的家庭中随机选取了1486名年龄在15至44岁之间的女性。我们运用潜在类别分析（LCA），根据对六种社会经济和健康状况下堕胎合法化的支持模式，将女性划分为不同的离散群体。通过混合模型确定了支持合法堕胎服务潜在类别中概率成员的预测因素。潜在类别分析得出了三种支持合法堕胎服务的模式：（1）合法堕胎反对者（约58%）在所有情况下都反对合法堕胎；（2）合法堕胎倡导者（约23%）普遍支持对堕胎护理的法律保护；（3）合法堕胎的有条件支持者（约19%）仅在怀孕危及胎儿或母亲的情况下支持合法堕胎。与反对者相比，倡导者和有条件支持者报告称接触计划生育信息的频率更高。与反对者相比，倡导者受教育程度更高，有条件支持者更富有。研究结果表明，赞比亚对堕胎的态度并非单一的，而是能够获取经济/社会资产的女性对合法堕胎表现出更接受的态度。
