Kauzlarich J J, Thacker J G
J Rehabil Res Dev. 1985 Jul;22(3):25-41. doi: 10.1682/jrrd.1985.07.0025.
The hysteresis loss theory of rolling resistance is developed for solid rubber wheelchair tires. The analysis is used to correlate test data for a clay-filled natural rubber and a polyurethane tire material. A discussion of tire rolling work, hysteresis loss factor measurement, and rolling loss measurement is presented. An example calculation of rolling resistance for a polyurethane tire is given in detail. The subject of solid rubber tire design is developed on the basis of recommended fatigue life theory and practice. It is shown that polyurethane tires have a useful fatigue life due to a high shear modulus at useful values of hardness. This characteristic of polyurethane, if exploited, is predicted to lead to a tire with a lower rolling resistance than other wheelchair tires available. The effect of surface roughness on rolling resistance is briefly discussed and some experimental results are listed. The purpose of this paper is to give the rehabilitation engineer the means for wheelchair tire rolling resistance and fatigue life design and the methods to assess the tire characteristics when a tire design is modified or a new tire material is contemplated. Other important design factors, such as wear and chemical degradation, are not discussed, but references are suggested for information on these topics. As in most research and development projects, this study raises problems which need further work. For example, the fatigue properties of the rubber compounds employed in this application are not completely understood; this subject is planned for future investigation.
滚动阻力的滞后损耗理论是针对实心橡胶轮椅轮胎提出的。该分析用于关联黏土填充天然橡胶和聚氨酯轮胎材料的测试数据。文中对轮胎滚动功、滞后损耗因子测量和滚动损耗测量进行了讨论。详细给出了聚氨酯轮胎滚动阻力的示例计算。实心橡胶轮胎设计的主题是基于推荐的疲劳寿命理论与实践展开的。结果表明，由于在有用硬度值下具有较高的剪切模量，聚氨酯轮胎具有有用的疲劳寿命。如果利用聚氨酯的这一特性，预计可制造出滚动阻力低于其他现有轮椅轮胎的轮胎。文中简要讨论了表面粗糙度对滚动阻力的影响，并列出了一些实验结果。本文的目的是为康复工程师提供轮椅轮胎滚动阻力和疲劳寿命设计的方法，以及在修改轮胎设计或考虑使用新轮胎材料时评估轮胎特性的方法。文中未讨论其他重要的设计因素，如磨损和化学降解，但建议了相关参考文献以供获取这些主题的信息。与大多数研发项目一样，本研究也提出了需要进一步开展工作的问题。例如，本应用中使用的橡胶化合物的疲劳性能尚未完全了解；计划在未来对该主题进行研究。
