Fugate Karen K, Eide John D, Lafta Abbas M, Tehseen Muhammad Massub, Chu Chenggen, Khan Mohamed F R, Finger Fernando L
Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Fargo, ND, United States.
Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Jan 30;15:1320705. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1320705. eCollection 2024.
Endogenous metabolism is primarily responsible for losses in sucrose content and processing quality in postharvest sugarbeet roots. The genes responsible for this metabolism and the transcriptional changes that regulate it, however, are largely unknown. To identify genes and metabolic pathways that participate in postharvest sugarbeet root metabolism and the transcriptional changes that contribute to their regulation, transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles were generated for sugarbeet roots at harvest and after 12, 40 and 120 d storage at 5 and 12°C and gene expression and metabolite concentration changes related to storage duration or temperature were identified. During storage, 8656 genes, or 34% of all expressed genes, and 225 metabolites, equivalent to 59% of detected metabolites, were altered in expression or concentration, indicating extensive transcriptional and metabolic changes in stored roots. These genes and metabolites contributed to a wide range of cellular and molecular functions, with carbohydrate metabolism being the function to which the greatest number of genes and metabolites classified. Because respiration has a central role in postharvest metabolism and is largely responsible for sucrose loss in sugarbeet roots, genes and metabolites involved in and correlated to respiration were identified. Seventy-five genes participating in respiration were differentially expressed during storage, including two bidirectional sugar transporter SWEET17 genes that highly correlated with respiration rate. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified 1896 additional genes that positively correlated with respiration rate and predicted a pyruvate kinase gene to be a central regulator or biomarker for respiration rate. Overall, these results reveal the extensive and diverse physiological and metabolic changes that occur in stored sugarbeet roots and identify genes with potential roles as regulators or biomarkers for respiratory sucrose loss.
内源代谢是导致收获后甜菜根中蔗糖含量和加工品质损失的主要原因。然而，负责这种代谢的基因以及调节它的转录变化在很大程度上尚不清楚。为了鉴定参与收获后甜菜根代谢的基因和代谢途径以及有助于其调节的转录变化，对收获时以及在5℃和12℃下储存12、40和120天后的甜菜根进行了转录组和代谢组分析，并确定了与储存时间或温度相关的基因表达和代谢物浓度变化。在储存期间，8656个基因（占所有表达基因的34%）和225种代谢物（相当于检测到的代谢物的59%）的表达或浓度发生了变化，表明储存根中发生了广泛的转录和代谢变化。这些基因和代谢物参与了广泛的细胞和分子功能，其中碳水化合物代谢是分类的基因和代谢物数量最多的功能。由于呼吸作用在收获后代谢中起着核心作用，并且在很大程度上导致了甜菜根中蔗糖的损失，因此鉴定了参与呼吸作用并与之相关的基因和代谢物。75个参与呼吸作用的基因在储存期间差异表达，包括两个与呼吸速率高度相关的双向糖转运蛋白SWEET17基因。加权基因共表达网络分析确定了另外1896个与呼吸速率呈正相关的基因，并预测丙酮酸激酶基因是呼吸速率的核心调节因子或生物标志物。总体而言，这些结果揭示了储存甜菜根中发生的广泛而多样的生理和代谢变化，并鉴定了具有作为呼吸性蔗糖损失的调节因子或生物标志物潜在作用的基因。
