Lozanov L
Probl Khig. 1985;10:117-25.
The polymeric materials are used on a large scale in building and furnishing of modern edifices. However, in spite of the doubtless positive effect there are a number of important hygienic problems, related to the ability of these new materials, at unregulated and not controlled usage, to cause unfavourable changes in the parameters of the environment and through them to affect the health and spirits of the inhabitants. The basic hygienic problems in the application of polymeric building materials /PBM/ are derived from the elimination of harmful chemical substances from the latter. Besides of great importance are the changes in the physical parameters of the environment in the premises of the edifices, arising from the accumulation of static electricity on the surface of the PBM, the aggravated thermal technical characteristics of some materials, etc. The results of the hygiene investigations for thermal protective properties of different types of PBM, used as floor covering and their effect on the thermal metabolic processes and colds of the inhabitants are pointed out. The biological effect of static electricity and the dependence of the electrification of the materials on the composition and the physico-chemical nature of the materials and some microclimatic parameters and other exploitation conditions are clarified. Recommendations are given for the preliminary hygienic control of these materials, in order to avoid the aggravation of the parameters of the environment in the modern buildings.
聚合材料在现代建筑的建造和装修中被大规模使用。然而，尽管有无疑的积极影响，但仍存在一些重要的卫生问题，这些问题与这些新材料在无规范和无控制使用时导致环境参数发生不利变化并进而影响居住者健康和精神状态的能力有关。应用聚合建筑材料（PBM）时的基本卫生问题源于后者中有害化学物质的释放。此外，建筑物内环境物理参数的变化也很重要，这些变化是由PBM表面静电积累、某些材料热工特性变差等引起的。指出了对用作地面覆盖物的不同类型PBM的热防护性能进行卫生调查的结果及其对居住者热代谢过程和感冒的影响。阐明了静电的生物效应以及材料带电对材料组成、物理化学性质、一些微气候参数和其他使用条件的依赖性。为对这些材料进行初步卫生控制给出了建议，以避免现代建筑中环境参数的恶化。
