School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, No. 20, East South Second Ring Road, Shijiazhuang, 050024, Hebei, China.
Art and Sports College, HeBei institute of communications, No. 8, Police Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 051430, Shijiazhuang, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 14;14(1):3692. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-53987-0.
The objective of this research is to examine the impact of eccentric training on hamstring flexibility and strength in young dancers during the concluding stages of their foundational dance training program. A total of 24 female, second-year dance students from Hebei Normal University were selected as participants. They were divided into three distinct groups: Nordic hamstring exercise and single-leg deadlift group (NHE&SLD), forward bending exercises and standing leg lift group (FBE&SLL), and a control group (CG). The study was designed around a 6-week training regimen. An isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure seated knee flexor-extensor strength, while electronic goniometry was employed to measure hamstring flexibility in the supine position. Paired sample t-tests were conducted within each group, and one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was utilized for comparisons between groups. In the NHE&SLD group, significant disparities were observed in both concentric (T = - 5.687, P = 0.001) and eccentric (T = - 3.626, P = 0.008) hamstring strength pre and post-intervention. The pre-intervention dominant leg concentric strength test values significantly influenced the post-intervention outcomes (F = 5.313, P = 0.001, η = 0.840). Similarly, the pre-intervention dominant leg eccentric strength test values impacted the post-intervention results (F = 4.689, P = 0.043, η = 0.190). Following the intervention, the NHE&SLD group displayed marked changes in the active straight leg raising angle on both left (T = - 4.171, P = 0.004) and right (T = - 6.328, P = 0.001) sides. The FBE&SLL group also revealed significant changes in the active straight leg raising angle on both left (T = - 4.506, P = 0.003) and right (T = - 4.633, P = 0.002) sides following the intervention. The pre-intervention left leg concentric strength test value significantly influenced the post-intervention outcomes (F = 25.067, P = 0.001, η = 0.556). Likewise, the pre-intervention right leg eccentric strength test value significantly influenced the post-intervention results (F = 85.338, P = 0.01, η = 0.810). Eccentric training can better enhance the flexibility and strength of hamstring muscles in dance students. Traditional stretching training significantly improves the flexibility of the hamstring muscles. Eccentric training has more training benefits than traditional stretching training. It is recommended for dance students to use eccentric training when increasing hamstring flexibility and strength.
本研究旨在探讨离心训练对处于基础舞蹈训练项目末期的年轻舞蹈演员腘绳肌柔韧性和力量的影响。共有 24 名来自河北师范大学的二年级舞蹈学生被选为参与者。他们被分为三组：北欧式腘绳肌训练和单腿硬拉组（NHE&SLD）、前弯练习和站立腿抬高组（FBE&SLL）和对照组（CG）。该研究设计了为期 6 周的训练方案。使用等速测力仪测量坐姿膝关节屈伸肌力量，使用电子量角器测量仰卧位时的腘绳肌柔韧性。在每个组内进行配对样本 t 检验，并用单因素协方差分析（ANCOVA）进行组间比较。在 NHE&SLD 组中，干预前后的向心（T=-5.687，P=0.001）和离心（T=-3.626，P=0.008）腘绳肌力量均存在显著差异。干预前的优势腿向心力量测试值显著影响干预后的结果（F=5.313，P=0.001，η=0.840）。同样，干预前的优势腿离心力量测试值影响干预后的结果（F=4.689，P=0.043，η=0.190）。干预后，NHE&SLD 组在左腿（T=-4.171，P=0.004）和右腿（T=-6.328，P=0.001）的主动直腿抬高角度均发生明显变化。FBE&SLL 组在左腿（T=-4.506，P=0.003）和右腿（T=-4.633，P=0.002）的主动直腿抬高角度也有明显变化。干预前的左腿向心力量测试值显著影响干预后的结果（F=25.067，P=0.001，η=0.556）。同样，干预前的右腿离心力量测试值显著影响干预后的结果（F=85.338，P=0.01，η=0.810）。离心训练可以更好地提高舞蹈学生腘绳肌的柔韧性和力量。传统拉伸训练显著提高了腘绳肌的柔韧性。离心训练比传统拉伸训练有更多的训练益处。建议舞蹈学生在增加腘绳肌柔韧性和力量时使用离心训练。
