Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2024;203:287-300. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.12.013. Epub 2024 Jan 25.
Diabetes is an ongoing global problem as it affects health of more than 537 million people around the world. Diabetes leaves many serious complications that affect patients and can cause death if not detected and treated promptly. Some of the complications of diabetes include impaired vascular system, increased risk of stroke, neurological diseases that cause pain and numbness, diseases related to the retina leading to blindness, and other complications affecting kidneys, heart failure, muscle weakness, muscle atrophy. All complications of diabetes seriously affect the health of patients. Recently, gene therapy has emerged as a viable treatment strategy for various diseases. DNA and RNA are among the target molecules that can change the structure and function of proteins and are effective methods of treating diseases, especially genetically inherited diseases. RNA therapeutics has attracted deep interest as it has been approved for application in the treatment of functional system disorders such as spinal muscular atrophy, and muscular dystrophy. In this review, we cover the types of RNA therapies considered for treatment of diabetes. In particular, we delve into the mechanism of action of RNA therapies for diabetes, and studies involving testing of these RNA therapies. Finally, we have highlighted the limitations of the current understanding in the mechanism of action of RNA therapies.
糖尿病是一个全球性的持续存在的问题，因为它影响着全球超过 5.37 亿人的健康。糖尿病会留下许多严重的并发症，影响患者的健康，如果不能及时发现和治疗，可能会导致死亡。糖尿病的一些并发症包括血管系统受损、中风风险增加、引起疼痛和麻木的神经系统疾病、导致失明的视网膜相关疾病，以及其他影响肾脏、心力衰竭、肌肉无力、肌肉萎缩的并发症。糖尿病的所有并发症都严重影响着患者的健康。最近，基因治疗已成为治疗各种疾病的一种可行的治疗策略。DNA 和 RNA 是可以改变蛋白质结构和功能的靶分子之一，是治疗疾病的有效方法，特别是遗传性疾病。RNA 疗法因其已被批准应用于治疗脊髓性肌萎缩症和肌肉营养不良等功能性系统疾病而引起了人们的极大兴趣。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了用于治疗糖尿病的几种 RNA 疗法。特别是，我们深入探讨了 RNA 疗法治疗糖尿病的作用机制，以及涉及这些 RNA 疗法测试的研究。最后，我们强调了目前对 RNA 疗法作用机制理解的局限性。
