Division of Cardiology, Advanced Cardiac Care, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York.
J Heart Lung Transplant. 2024 Jun;43(6):1010-1020. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2024.01.019. Epub 2024 Feb 14.
Heart transplantation remains the gold standard treatment for end-stage heart failure patients without contraindications. However, limited donor availability and long wait times have created a need for left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) to be used as a bridge to transplantation in appropriately selected patients. Improvements in LVAD technology have resulted in improved short- and long-term outcomes, further supporting the use of these devices for a bridge-to-transplant (BTT) indication. LVAD utilization as BTT exhibits notable disparities worldwide, mainly due to variations in organ availability, allocation policies, and financial constraints. Although Europe has experienced a consistent increase in the use of LVAD for this purpose, the United Network for Organ Sharing 2018 policy amendment resulted in a significant reduction in the number of LVADs used for BTT in the US. To overcome this issue, modifications in the US allocation policy to consider factors such as days on device support, age, and type of complications may be necessary to potentially increase implantation rates.The authors provide an overview comparing the current state of heart transplantation in the US and Europe, with a particular focus on how distinct allocation policies and organ availability impact medical practices. Additionally, the review will examine critical aspects ranging from patient selection and pre-implantation optimization to post-transplant outcomes.
心脏移植仍然是没有禁忌症的晚期心力衰竭患者的金标准治疗方法。然而,供体的有限可用性和长时间的等待时间使得左心室辅助装置(LVAD)需要被用作适当选择的患者的移植桥接。LVAD 技术的改进导致了短期和长期结果的改善,进一步支持将这些设备用于移植桥接(BTT)适应证。LVAD 在 BTT 中的应用在全球范围内存在显著差异,主要是由于器官可用性、分配政策和财务限制的差异。尽管欧洲在这方面使用 LVAD 的数量持续增加,但美国联合器官共享 2018 年政策修正案导致用于 BTT 的 LVAD 数量显著减少。为了解决这个问题,可能需要对美国的分配政策进行修改,以考虑设备支持天数、年龄和并发症类型等因素,以提高植入率。作者提供了一份概述,比较了美国和欧洲目前的心脏移植状况,特别关注不同的分配政策和器官可用性如何影响医疗实践。此外,该综述还将检查从患者选择和植入前优化到移植后结果的关键方面。