Boos Katarina, Kim Sang Kyu, Bracht Thomas, Sbresny Friedrich, Kaspari Jan M, Cygorek Moritz, Riedl Hubert, Bopp Frederik W, Rauhaus William, Calcagno Carolin, Finley Jonathan J, Reiter Doris E, Müller Kai
Walter Schottky Institut, TUM School of Computation, Information and Technology, and MCQST, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany.
Condensed Matter Theory, TU Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2024 Feb 2;132(5):053602. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.053602.
The interaction of a resonant light field with a quantum two-level system is of key interest both for fundamental quantum optics and quantum technological applications employing resonant excitation. While emission under resonant continuous-wave excitation has been well studied, the more complex emission spectrum of dynamically dressed states-a quantum two-level system driven by resonant pulsed excitation-has so far been investigated in detail only theoretically. Here, we present the first experimental observation of the complete resonance fluorescence emission spectrum of a single quantum two-level system, in the form of an excitonic transition in a semiconductor quantum dot, driven by finite Gaussian pulses. We observe multiple emerging sidebands as predicted by theory, with an increase of their number and spectral detuning with excitation pulse intensity and a dependence of their spectral shape and intensity on the pulse length. Detuning-dependent measurements provide additional insights into the emission features. The experimental results are in excellent agreement with theoretical calculations of the emission spectra, corroborating our findings.
共振光场与量子二能级系统的相互作用对于基础量子光学和采用共振激发的量子技术应用而言都至关重要。虽然共振连续波激发下的发射已得到充分研究，但动态修饰态（由共振脉冲激发驱动的量子二能级系统）更为复杂的发射光谱迄今为止仅在理论上进行了详细研究。在此，我们展示了单个量子二能级系统完整共振荧光发射光谱的首次实验观测结果，该系统以半导体量子点中的激子跃迁形式存在，由有限高斯脉冲驱动。我们观察到了理论预测的多个新出现的边带，其数量随着激发脉冲强度增加且光谱失谐增大，并且它们的光谱形状和强度依赖于脉冲长度。与失谐相关的测量为发射特征提供了更多见解。实验结果与发射光谱的理论计算结果高度吻合，证实了我们的发现。
