检查健康报告卡对遵循跌倒风险建议的影响：一项观察性研究。
Examining the impact of a health report card on follow through with fall risk recommendations: an observational study.
机构信息
Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Ave, 63110, St Louis, MO, Box 8505, USA.
Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
出版信息
BMC Geriatr. 2024 Feb 16;24(1):166. doi: 10.1186/s12877-024-04686-y.
BACKGROUND
Increasing older adults' awareness of their personal fall risk factors may increase their engagement in fall prevention. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of and participant satisfaction with a comprehensive occupational therapy fall risk screening and recommendations for evidence-based fall prevention strategies based on personalized fall risk results for community-dwelling older adults.
METHODS
Cognitively normal participants (Clinical Dementia Rating = 0) were recruited from an ongoing longitudinal study of memory and aging. Participants completed 2 annual in-home visits, fall risk questionnaires, and 12 months of fall monitoring between visits. Participants received a health report card with their fall risks and tailored recommendations in 6 domains. Participants completed follow-up questions at their next annual in-home visit about the fall risk recommendations and their satisfaction with receiving their fall risk results.
RESULTS
Two hundred five participants completed 2 annual visits and 12 months of fall monitoring. Of the 6 domains of recommendations provided, participants were most likely to follow through with getting an annual eye exam and reviewing their medications with their doctor or pharmacist. Older adults who fell were significantly more likely to receive recommendations for finding fall prevention classes (p = 0.01) and having a doctor or pharmacist review their medications (p = 0.004). The majority of participants were satisfied receiving their fall risk results (92%) and believed it to be beneficial (90%), though few participants shared their results with their doctor (20%).
CONCLUSIONS
An occupational therapy fall risk screening and tailored recommendations were not sufficient to encourage follow through with fall risk recommendations. Older adults may benefit from additional support and encouragement to reduce their fall risk. Additional research is needed to examine awareness of fall risks and follow through with fall risk recommendations among community-dwelling older adults.
背景
提高老年人对个人跌倒风险因素的认识可能会增加他们对跌倒预防的参与度。本研究的目的是探讨对社区居住的老年人进行全面职业治疗跌倒风险筛查和基于个性化跌倒风险结果提供循证跌倒预防策略建议的影响和参与者满意度。
方法
从一项正在进行的记忆和衰老纵向研究中招募认知正常的参与者（临床痴呆评定量表=0）。参与者在两次年度家访中完成了跌倒风险问卷，并在两次家访之间进行了 12 个月的跌倒监测。参与者收到了一张健康报告卡，上面有他们的跌倒风险和 6 个领域的个性化建议。参与者在下一次年度家访时回答了关于跌倒风险建议及其对收到跌倒风险结果的满意度的后续问题。
结果
205 名参与者完成了两次年度访问和 12 个月的跌倒监测。在所提供的 6 个建议领域中，参与者最有可能去做年度眼科检查并与医生或药剂师一起检查他们的药物。跌倒的老年人更有可能收到寻找跌倒预防课程的建议（p=0.01）和让医生或药剂师检查他们的药物的建议（p=0.004）。大多数参与者对收到他们的跌倒风险结果感到满意（92%）并认为这是有益的（90%），尽管很少有参与者与他们的医生分享他们的结果（20%）。
结论
职业治疗跌倒风险筛查和个性化建议不足以鼓励遵循跌倒风险建议。老年人可能需要额外的支持和鼓励来降低跌倒风险。需要进一步研究以检查社区居住的老年人对跌倒风险的认识和遵循跌倒风险建议的情况。
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