Gesaka Samwel Rema, Okemwa Parmenas Minda, Mwachaka Philip Maseghe
Department of Human Pathology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Department of Human Anatomy and Medical Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Discov Oncol. 2024 Feb 18;15(1):39. doi: 10.1007/s12672-024-00893-6.
PURPOSE: To determine the histological types of brain tumors diagnosed at the Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. METHODS: This retrospective study retrieved patient-archived records at the Kenyatta National Hospital for the period 2016-2019. The histological types of brain tumors were assessed according to age, sex, and the WHO classification for CNS tumors using the GNU PSPP version 1.6.2-g78a33 software. Results were presented in tables and figures. RESULTS: During the study period, brain tumors appeared to increase gradually; however, there was a decline in 2018. During the study period, 345 brain tumor records were retrieved. Data on age were missing 33 records; hence, 312 records were included for age analyses. The mean age for the pediatrics and adults was 9 (± 5 SD) and 45 (± 14 SD) years, respectively. 88 (28.2%) and 224 (71.8%) tumors were diagnosed among pediatrics and adults, respectively. Most tumors, 60 (19.2%) were reported in patients aged ≤ 10 years, followed by 55 (17.6%), 48 (15.4%), and 47 (15.1%) in patients aged 31-40, 51-60, and 41-50, years, respectively. In both pediatrics and adults, most tumors were diagnosed in females aged ≤ 10 years and 31-40 years, respectively. Overall, two peaks were observed in patients aged 5-15 years and 40-45 years. Gliomas, 43 (48.9%) and medulloblastomas, 21 (23.9%) were the most common tumors in pediatrics, whereas meningiomas, 107 (47.8%) and gliomas, 70 (31.3%) were the most common tumors in adults. Most pediatric and adult tumors were benign with 50 (56.8%) and 157 (70.1%) cases, respectively. Low-grade gliomas and medulloblastomas were the commonest benign and malignant tumors among pediatrics, with 31 (62%) and 21 (55.3%) cases, respectively. Conversely, meningiomas and high-grade gliomas were the most common benign and malignant tumors in adults, with 106 (67.5%) and 44 (65.7%) cases, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the existing burden of brain tumors in Kenya and data from KNH may be representative of the national burden of BTs. This study lays a foundation for subsequent clinical and epidemiological studies and emphasizes the need to adopt existing reporting standards to help realize a complete picture of the burden of brain tumors in Kenya.
目的：确定在肯尼亚内罗毕肯雅塔国家医院诊断出的脑肿瘤组织学类型。 方法：这项回顾性研究检索了肯雅塔国家医院2016 - 2019年期间患者存档记录。使用GNU PSPP 1.6.2 - g78a33软件，根据年龄、性别以及世界卫生组织中枢神经系统肿瘤分类标准评估脑肿瘤的组织学类型。结果以表格和图表形式呈现。 结果：在研究期间，脑肿瘤数量似乎逐渐增加；然而，2018年出现了下降。在研究期间，共检索到345份脑肿瘤记录。年龄数据缺失33份记录；因此，纳入年龄分析的记录有312份。儿科患者和成人患者的平均年龄分别为9（±5标准差）岁和45（±14标准差）岁。儿科患者和成人患者中分别诊断出88例（28.2%）和224例（71.8%）肿瘤。大多数肿瘤（60例，19.2%）报告于年龄≤10岁的患者，其次分别为31 - 40岁患者55例（17.6%）、51 - 60岁患者48例（15.4%）以及41 - 50岁患者47例（15.1%）。在儿科患者和成人患者中，大多数肿瘤分别诊断于年龄≤10岁和31 - 40岁的女性。总体而言，在5 - 15岁和40 - 45岁的患者中观察到两个高峰。胶质瘤43例（48.9%）和髓母细胞瘤21例（23.9%）是儿科最常见的肿瘤，而脑膜瘤107例（47.8%）和胶质瘤70例（31.3%）是成人最常见的肿瘤。大多数儿科和成人肿瘤为良性，分别有50例（56.8%）和157例（70.1%）。低级别胶质瘤和髓母细胞瘤是儿科最常见的良性和恶性肿瘤，分别有31例（62%）和21例（55.3%）。相反，脑膜瘤和高级别胶质瘤是成人最常见的良性和恶性肿瘤，分别有106例（67.5%）和44例（65.7%）。 结论：本研究突出了肯尼亚脑肿瘤的现有负担，来自肯雅塔国家医院的数据可能代表该国脑肿瘤负担情况。本研究为后续临床和流行病学研究奠定了基础，并强调需要采用现有报告标准以全面了解肯尼亚脑肿瘤负担情况。
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