Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Behav Cogn Psychother. 2024 May;52(3):262-276. doi: 10.1017/S1352465824000018. Epub 2024 Feb 19.
Daydreaming may contribute to the maintenance of grandiose delusions. Repeated, pleasant and vivid daydreams about the content of grandiose delusions may keep the ideas in mind, elaborate the details, and increase the degree of conviction in the delusion. Pleasant daydreams more generally could contribute to elevated mood, which may influence the delusion content.
We sought to develop a brief questionnaire, suitable for research and clinical practice, to assess daydreaming and test potential associations with grandiosity.
798 patients with psychosis (375 with grandiose delusions) and 4518 non-clinical adults (1788 with high grandiosity) were recruited. Participants completed a daydreaming item pool and measures of grandiosity, time spent thinking about the grandiose belief, and grandiose belief conviction. Factor analysis was used to derive the Qualities of Daydreaming Scale (QuOD) and associations were tested using pairwise correlations and structural equation modelling.
The questionnaire had three factors: realism, pleasantness, and frequency of daydreams. The measure was invariant across clinical and non-clinical groups. Internal consistency was good (alpha-ordinals: realism=0.86, pleasantness=0.93, frequency=0.82) as was test-retest reliability (intra-class coefficient=0.75). Daydreaming scores were higher in patients with grandiose delusions than in patients without grandiose delusions or in the non-clinical group. Daydreaming was significantly associated with grandiosity, time spent thinking about the grandiose delusion, and grandiose delusion conviction, explaining 19.1, 7.7 and 5.2% of the variance in the clinical group data, respectively. Similar associations were found in the non-clinical group.
The process of daydreaming may be one target in psychological interventions for grandiose delusions.
白日梦可能有助于维持夸大妄想。反复出现的、愉快的、生动的关于夸大妄想内容的白日梦可能会让这些想法留在脑海中，详细阐述细节，并增加对妄想的信任度。更普遍的愉快白日梦可能会让人心情愉悦，这可能会影响妄想的内容。
我们旨在开发一个简短的问卷，适合研究和临床实践，以评估白日梦并测试与夸大有关的潜在关联。
我们招募了 798 名精神病患者（375 名有夸大妄想）和 4518 名非临床成年人（1788 名有高度夸大性）。参与者完成了一个白日梦项目池和夸大、思考夸大信念的时间以及夸大信念信念的测量。使用因子分析得出白日梦品质量表（QuOD），并使用成对相关和结构方程模型测试关联。
问卷有三个因素：现实感、愉悦感和白日梦的频率。该量表在临床和非临床组之间具有不变性。内部一致性良好（alpha-ordinal：现实感=0.86，愉悦感=0.93，频率=0.82），重测信度也很好（组内相关系数=0.75）。有夸大妄想的患者的白日梦得分高于没有夸大妄想的患者和非临床组。白日梦与夸大、思考夸大妄想的时间以及夸大妄想信念显著相关，分别解释了临床组数据的 19.1%、7.7%和 5.2%的方差。在非临床组中也发现了类似的关联。
白日梦的过程可能是针对夸大妄想的心理干预的一个目标。
