Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108 USA.
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2024 May 1;350:114471. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2024.114471. Epub 2024 Feb 17.
Although well established that several fishes including goldfish in the suborder Cypinoidei within the family Cypriniformes use the maturation-inducing steroid 17,20β-dihydroxy-pregn-4-ene-3-one (17,20βP) and its metabolites as a priming pheromone which they detect with sensitivity and specificity, it is unclear whether and how other Cypriniformes might have evolved to do so. This study examined this question in the family Xenocyprididae. Using electro-olfactogram recording we tested the olfactory sensitivity of silver (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (H. nobilis) to a range of 213 steroids in 21 mixtures at 10M. While silver carp detected 6 of 21 mixtures, bighead carp detected 5 (p< 0.05). Silver carp were sensitive to 13 21-carbon steroids in these mixtures including 17,20βP while bighead carp detected 9, including 8 detected by silver carp. This assortment of steroids overlapped that detected by goldfish (family Cyprinidae) but no non-Cyprinoid, suggesting common evolutionary origin and function with differences characteristic of species-specificity.
尽管已经确定，包括鲤形目鲤科下的金鱼在内的几种鱼类会使用成熟诱导类固醇 17,20β-二羟基孕甾-4-烯-3-酮（17,20βP）及其代谢物作为一种有性信息素，它们能够敏感而特异地检测到这种物质，但其他鲤形目鱼类是否以及如何进化出这种能力还不清楚。本研究在鲤科的鱲科中探讨了这个问题。我们使用电嗅觉图记录法，在 10M 的 21 种混合物中，测试了白鲢（Hypophthalmichthys molitrix）和鳙鱼（H. nobilis）对 213 种类固醇的嗅觉敏感性。虽然白鲢能够检测到 21 种混合物中的 6 种，但鳙鱼能够检测到 5 种（p<0.05）。在这些混合物中，白鲢对包括 17,20βP 在内的 13 种 21 碳类固醇敏感，而鳙鱼则检测到 9 种，其中包括白鲢检测到的 8 种。这些类固醇的种类与金鱼（鲤科）检测到的类固醇重叠，但没有非鲤科的类固醇，这表明它们具有共同的进化起源和功能，同时也具有物种特异性的差异。
