Chen Kehan, Zhu Siyi, Tang Yidan, Lan Fuxia, Liu Zuoyan
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Front Neurol. 2024 Feb 5;15:1167954. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1167954. eCollection 2024.
To summarize the status and characteristics of the available evidence, research gaps, and future research priorities for preventing falls in stroke patients through balance training.
We used a scoping review framework. A systematic search of PUBMED, Embase, and Cochrane databases for main articles was conducted. Our study only included articles that on balance training and fall-related indicators in stroke patients. Two researchers independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data of demographic, clinical characteristics, intervention, sample, and outcome indicators were extracted. The characteristics and limitations of the included literature were comprehensively analyzed.
Of the 1,058 studies, 31 were included. The methods of balance training include regular balance training, Tai Chi, Yoga, task balance training, visual balance training, multisensory training, aquatic balance training, perturbation-based balance training, cognitive balance training, system-based balance training, and robot-assisted balance training. The commonly used outcome measures include clinical balance test, such as Berg balance scale (BBS), Timed Up-and-Go Test (TUG), Fall Risk Index assessment (FRI), Fall Efficacy Scale score (FES), and instrumented balance tests.
This scoping review summarizes the existing primary research on preventing falls in stroke patients by balance training. Based on the summary of the existing evidence, the characteristics of balance training and their relation to falls in stroke patients were found. The future researches should explore how to develop personalized training program, the sound combination of various balance training, to more effectively prevent falls.
总结通过平衡训练预防中风患者跌倒的现有证据的现状和特征、研究差距以及未来研究重点。
我们采用了范围综述框架。对PUBMED、Embase和Cochrane数据库进行了系统检索以查找主要文章。我们的研究仅纳入了关于中风患者平衡训练和跌倒相关指标的文章。两名研究人员根据纳入和排除标准独立筛选文献。提取了人口统计学、临床特征、干预措施、样本和结局指标的数据。对纳入文献的特征和局限性进行了综合分析。
在1058项研究中，纳入了31项。平衡训练方法包括常规平衡训练、太极拳、瑜伽、任务平衡训练、视觉平衡训练、多感官训练、水上平衡训练、基于扰动的平衡训练、认知平衡训练、基于系统的平衡训练和机器人辅助平衡训练。常用的结局指标包括临床平衡测试，如伯格平衡量表（BBS）、定时起立行走测试（TUG）、跌倒风险指数评估（FRI）、跌倒效能感量表评分（FES）以及仪器化平衡测试。
本范围综述总结了通过平衡训练预防中风患者跌倒的现有初步研究。基于现有证据的总结，发现了平衡训练的特征及其与中风患者跌倒的关系。未来的研究应探索如何制定个性化训练方案，以及各种平衡训练的合理组合，以更有效地预防跌倒。
