Klein Shannon Rae, Blum Kenneth, Gold Mark S, Thanos Panayotis K
Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions (BNNLA), Clinical Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Center for Sports, Exercise, & Mental Health, Western University Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2024 Feb 15;17:577-592. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S445719. eCollection 2024.
Methylphenidate (MP) is a psychostimulant commonly prescribed for individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but it is also taken with and without a prescription for performance enhancement. Prior research has characterized the effects of MP on behavior, cognition, and neurochemistry. This exploratory review covers the uses of MP and examined the effects of MP on gene expression in the brain following exposure. Overall, MP causes a wide-spread potentiation of genes, in a region-specific manner; consequently, inducing neuronal alterations, such as synaptic plasticity and transmission, resulting in observed behaviors and affects. Monoamine neurotransmitters and post-synaptic density protein genes generally had a potentiating effect in gene expression after exposure to MP.
哌甲酯（MP）是一种常用于治疗注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患者的精神兴奋剂，但也有人在有或没有处方的情况下服用它以提高成绩。先前的研究已经描述了MP对行为、认知和神经化学的影响。这篇探索性综述涵盖了MP的用途，并研究了暴露后MP对大脑基因表达的影响。总体而言，MP以区域特异性方式广泛增强基因表达；因此，诱导神经元改变，如突触可塑性和传递，从而产生观察到的行为和影响。单胺神经递质和突触后致密蛋白基因在暴露于MP后通常对基因表达有增强作用。
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