葡萄糖和氨基酸对器官培养的胎鼠胰腺中胰岛素、胰高血糖素及酶原颗粒大小的影响。

Effects of glucose and amino acids on insulin, glucagon and zymogen granule size of foetal rat pancreas grown in organ culture.

作者信息

Milner G R, de Gasparo M, Kay R, Milner R D

出版信息

J Endocrinol. 1979 Jul;82(1):179-89. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.0820179.

DOI:10.1677/joe.0.0820179

Abstract

Foetal rat pancreatic rudiments explanted on day 14 of gestation were grown for 6 days in organ culture in medium containing glucose (5.5(1G) or 16.5(3G)mmol/l) and amino acids at the 'physiological' (1AA) or seven times the 'physiological' (7AA) concentration. Cultures were also performed in medium to which zinc sulphate had been added at 10(-7) to 10(-5) mol/l concentration. At the end of the period of culture the diameters of insulin, glucagon and zymogen granule profiles in the rudiments were compared with those in normal 20-day foetal pancreas by quantitative morphology. The beta cell volume, the number of granules per beta cell, the insulin granular volume fraction and the area of insulin granule core and halo were also measured under selected experimental conditions. Zymogen granule profiles were largest in vivo, intermediate in diameter when grown in 1G x 7AA medium and smallest in 1G x 1AA medium. The mean diameter of glucagon granule profiles remained constant for growth in vivo, in 1G x 7AA medium. Insulin granule profiles were largest in 1G x 1AA medium or in 1G x 7AA medium, smallest in 3G x 1AA mdeium and of intermediate diameter in vivo. Amino-acid enrichment increased the diameter of insulin granules and glucose enrichment decreased it. The addition of zinc to the culture medium had no effect on insulin granule diameter. In 1G x 7AA cultures the beta cells were of similar size to those in vivo, but there were 29% fewer insulin granules per cell. The increased size of the insulin granules in 1G x 7AA cultures resulted in the insulin granule volume fraction in 1G x 7AA being 17.6 compared with 10.8% in vivo. Insulin granule cores were made larger by amino-acid enrichment of the culture medium but they were unaffected by glucose. The haloes were larger in 7AA medium and smaller in 3G medium. Glucose and amino-acid enrichment had a significant interaction on halo area, the mean area in 3G x 7AA medium being less than would have been expected from the summation of the effects of the two conditions.

摘要

将妊娠第14天取出的胎鼠胰腺原基在含有葡萄糖（5.5（1G）或16.5（3G）mmol/l）和“生理”（1AA）浓度或7倍“生理”（7AA）浓度氨基酸的培养基中进行器官培养6天。还在添加了浓度为10（-7）至10（-5）mol/l硫酸锌的培养基中进行培养。在培养期结束时，通过定量形态学将原基中胰岛素、胰高血糖素和酶原颗粒轮廓的直径与正常20天胎胰腺中的进行比较。在选定的实验条件下，还测量了β细胞体积、每个β细胞的颗粒数量、胰岛素颗粒体积分数以及胰岛素颗粒核心和晕圈的面积。酶原颗粒轮廓在体内最大，在1G×7AA培养基中生长时直径居中，在1G×1AA培养基中最小。胰高血糖素颗粒轮廓的平均直径在体内、1G×7AA培养基中生长时保持恒定。胰岛素颗粒轮廓在1G×1AA培养基或1G×7AA培养基中最大，在3G×1AA培养基中最小，在体内直径居中。氨基酸富集增加了胰岛素颗粒的直径，而葡萄糖富集则使其减小。向培养基中添加锌对胰岛素颗粒直径没有影响。在1G×7AA培养物中，β细胞大小与体内相似，但每个细胞的胰岛素颗粒少29%。1G×7AA培养物中胰岛素颗粒大小的增加导致1G×7AA中的胰岛素颗粒体积分数为17.6%，而体内为10.8%。培养基中氨基酸富集使胰岛素颗粒核心变大，但不受葡萄糖影响。晕圈在7AA培养基中较大，在3G培养基中较小。葡萄糖和氨基酸富集对晕圈面积有显著的相互作用，3G×7AA培养基中的平均面积小于两种条件效应之和所预期的面积。