Zheng Dan, Wang Kai, Bai Bo
School of Chemical and Blasting Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.
College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Carbohydr Polym. 2024 May 1;331:121850. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121850. Epub 2024 Jan 26.
The global freshwater crisis is a pressing issue, especially in areas with little rainfall and inner continental regions. The growing attention to water scarcity has induced increased interest in research on advanced water treatment technologies. As an abundant bioactive material in nature, sodium alginate (SA) has been widely used in water management due to its outstanding water absorption and holding ability, reversible swelling property, and pollutant adsorption performance. Building on this, progress made in using various modified forms of SA to access clean water is addressed in this review. Covering studies concern the adsorption and separation of pollutants in wastewater by SA-based absorbents and freshwater harvesting by SA-based collectors. This review explores SA-based composites' composition-structure-construction designs and emphasizes the impact of materials like inorganic materials, functional polymers, and porous matrices and how they can be exploited for water treatment. It also highlights the mechanisms of contaminants adsorption and freshwater desorption of SA-based composites. Finally, the shortcomings and future orientation of SA-based composites are proposed, including performance optimization, structural modification, application expansion, and mechanism in-depth investigation. This review aims to offer a theoretical basis and technical guidance for the use of natural materials to respond to the shortage of freshwater resources.
全球淡水危机是一个紧迫的问题，尤其是在降雨量少的地区和内陆地区。对水资源短缺的日益关注引发了对先进水处理技术研究的更多兴趣。作为自然界中一种丰富的生物活性材料，海藻酸钠（SA）因其出色的吸水和保水能力、可逆膨胀特性以及污染物吸附性能而被广泛应用于水管理领域。基于此，本综述阐述了利用各种改性形式的SA获取清洁水方面取得的进展。涵盖的研究涉及基于SA的吸附剂对废水中污染物的吸附和分离以及基于SA的集水器进行的淡水收集。本综述探讨了基于SA的复合材料的组成-结构-构建设计，并强调了无机材料、功能聚合物和多孔基质等材料的影响以及它们如何用于水处理。它还突出了基于SA的复合材料对污染物的吸附和淡水解吸机制。最后，提出了基于SA的复合材料的缺点和未来发展方向，包括性能优化、结构改性、应用拓展以及机制深入研究。本综述旨在为利用天然材料应对淡水资源短缺提供理论依据和技术指导。
