Gao Weilian, Hou Yunyou, Shang Fenglong, Zhang Jie
School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
3D Print Addit Manuf. 2024 Feb 1;11(1):115-124. doi: 10.1089/3dp.2022.0071. Epub 2024 Feb 15.
In this work, open or closed air cavity (air bubble) inclusion structures are 3D printed via direct ink writing and fused deposition modeling methods utilizing materials of polydimethylsiloxane silicone or thermoplastic polyurethane, respectively, and these structures are examined for their attenuation capacity concerning ultrasonic waves in underwater environment. It is found that several factors, such as interstitial fencing layer, air cavity fraction, material interface interaction, and material property, are fundamental elements governing the overall attenuation performance. Hence, via 3D printing technique, which could conveniently manipulate structure's cavity volume fraction, such as via filament size and filament density on surface, structures with tunable attenuation could be designed. In addition, considering directions where ultrasound would encounter interfaces, that is, if the geometry could induce more interface interactions, such as triangular shape compared with simple square, it is possible to obtain immense attenuation enhancement, which does pave an additional approach for attenuation optimization via convoluted structural interface design that is exclusively tailored by additive manufacturing.
在这项工作中，分别利用聚二甲基硅氧烷硅酮或热塑性聚氨酯材料，通过直接墨水书写和熔融沉积建模方法3D打印出开放或封闭的空气腔（气泡）包含结构，并在水下环境中对这些结构的超声波衰减能力进行了研究。研究发现，诸如间隙围栏层、空气腔分数、材料界面相互作用和材料特性等几个因素是决定整体衰减性能的基本要素。因此，通过3D打印技术，该技术可以方便地控制结构的腔体积分数，例如通过表面的细丝尺寸和细丝密度，可以设计出具有可调衰减的结构。此外，考虑到超声波会遇到界面的方向，也就是说，如果几何形状能够引发更多的界面相互作用，比如与简单的正方形相比的三角形，就有可能获得巨大的衰减增强，这确实为通过增材制造专门定制的复杂结构界面设计进行衰减优化开辟了一条额外的途径。
