Lahiani Mohamed, Gokulan Kuppan, Sutherland Vicki, Cunny Helen C, Cerniglia Carl E, Khare Sangeeta
Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC 27709, USA.
J Xenobiot. 2024 Feb 1;14(1):193-213. doi: 10.3390/jox14010012.
Triclosan (TCS), a broad-spectrum antibacterial chemical, is detected in human urine, breast milk, amniotic fluid, and feces; however, little is known about its impact on the intestinal microbiome and host mucosal immunity during pregnancy and early development. Pregnant female rats were orally gavaged with TCS from gestation day (GD) 6 to postpartum (PP) day 28. Offspring were administered TCS from postnatal day (PND) 12 to 28. Studies were conducted to assess changes in the intestinal microbial population (16S-rRNA sequencing) and functional analysis of microbial genes in animals exposed to TCS during pregnancy (GD18), and at PP7, PP28 and PND28. Microbial abundance was compared with the amounts of TCS excreted in feces and IgA levels in feces. The results reveal that TCS decreases the abundance of and with a significant increase in . At PND28, total Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were higher in females and showed correlation with the levels of TCS and unbound IgA in feces. The significant increase in in all TCS-treated rats along with the increased abundance in OTUs that belong to pathogenic bacterial communities could serve as a signature of TCS-induced dysbiosis. In conclusion, TCS can perturb the microbiome, the functional activities of the microbiome, and activate mucosal immunity during pregnancy and early development.
三氯生（TCS）是一种广谱抗菌化学物质，在人类尿液、母乳、羊水和粪便中均有检测到；然而，关于其在孕期和早期发育过程中对肠道微生物群和宿主黏膜免疫的影响，人们知之甚少。从妊娠第6天（GD）至产后（PP）第28天，对怀孕的雌性大鼠进行三氯生灌胃。从出生后第12天（PND）至28天，对后代进行三氯生给药。开展研究以评估在孕期（GD18）以及产后第7天、第28天和出生后第28天接触三氯生的动物的肠道微生物种群变化（16S-rRNA测序）以及微生物基因的功能分析。将微生物丰度与粪便中排出的三氯生量以及粪便中的IgA水平进行比较。结果显示，三氯生降低了 和 的丰度，同时 显著增加。在出生后第28天，雌性动物的总操作分类单元（OTU）数量更高，并且与粪便中三氯生水平和未结合IgA水平相关。在所有经三氯生处理的大鼠中， 的显著增加以及属于致病细菌群落的OTU丰度增加，可作为三氯生诱导的生态失调的特征。总之，三氯生可扰乱微生物群、微生物群的功能活动，并在孕期和早期发育过程中激活黏膜免疫。
