Center for Gerontology and Healthcare Research, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island; Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island.
Center for Gerontology and Healthcare Research, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island; Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island.
Am J Prev Med. 2024 Jul;67(1):67-78. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.02.013. Epub 2024 Feb 23.
Coadministering COVID-19 and influenza vaccines is recommended by public health authorities and intended to improve uptake and convenience; however, the extent of vaccine coadministration is largely unknown. Investigations into COVID-19 and influenza vaccine coadministration are needed to describe compliance with newer recommendations and to identify potential gaps in the implementation of coadministration.
A descriptive, repeated cross-sectional study between September 1, 2021 to November 30, 2021 (Period 1) and September 1, 2022 to November 30, 2022 (Period 2) was conducted. This study included community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries ≥ 66 years who received an mRNA COVID-19 booster vaccine in Periods 1 and 2. The outcome was an influenza vaccine administered on the same day as the COVID-19 vaccine. Adjusted ORs and 99% CIs were estimated using logistic regression to describe the association between beneficiaries' characteristics and vaccine coadministration. Statistical analysis was performed in 2023.
Among beneficiaries who received a COVID-19 vaccine, 78.8% in Period 1 (N=6,292,777) and 89.1% in Period 2 (N=4,757,501), received an influenza vaccine at some point during the study period (i.e., before, after, or on the same day as their COVID-19 vaccine), though rates were lower in non-White and rural individuals. Vaccine coadministration increased from 11.1% to 36.5% between periods. Beneficiaries with dementia (aOR=1.31; 99%CI=1.29-1.32) and in rural counties (aOR=1.19; 99%CI=1.17-1.20) were more likely to receive coadministered vaccines, while those with cancer (aOR=0.90; 99%CI=0.89-0.91) were less likely.
Among Medicare beneficiaries vaccinated against COVID-19, influenza vaccination was high, but coadministration of the 2 vaccines was low. Future work should explore which factors explain variation in the decision to receive coadministered vaccines.
公共卫生部门建议同时接种 COVID-19 和流感疫苗，以提高疫苗接种率和便利性；然而，疫苗同时接种的程度在很大程度上尚不清楚。有必要对 COVID-19 和流感疫苗同时接种进行调查，以描述对新推荐意见的遵守情况，并确定同时接种实施方面的潜在差距。
在 2021 年 9 月 1 日至 11 月 30 日（第 1 期）和 2022 年 9 月 1 日至 11 月 30 日（第 2 期）期间进行了一项描述性、重复的横断面研究。本研究纳入了社区居住的 Medicare 受益人≥66 岁，他们在第 1 期和第 2 期均接种了 mRNA COVID-19 加强疫苗。结果是在同一天接种流感疫苗。使用逻辑回归估计调整后的 OR 和 99%CI，以描述受益人的特征与疫苗同时接种之间的关联。统计分析于 2023 年进行。
在接种 COVID-19 疫苗的受益人中，第 1 期（N=6,292,777）和第 2 期（N=4,757,501）中有 78.8%和 89.1%在研究期间的某个时间点（即在 COVID-19 疫苗之前、之后或同一天）接种了流感疫苗，尽管非白人和农村人口的接种率较低。疫苗同时接种率从第 1 期的 11.1%增加到第 2 期的 36.5%。患有痴呆症的受益人的疫苗同时接种率（aOR=1.31；99%CI=1.29-1.32）和居住在农村县的受益人的疫苗同时接种率（aOR=1.19；99%CI=1.17-1.20）更高，而患有癌症的受益人的疫苗同时接种率（aOR=0.90；99%CI=0.89-0.91）更低。
在接种 COVID-19 疫苗的 Medicare 受益人中，流感疫苗接种率较高，但同时接种 2 种疫苗的比例较低。未来的工作应该探讨哪些因素可以解释同时接种疫苗的决定。
