Section on Molecular Morphogenesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Section on Molecular Morphogenesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2024 May 15;586:112193. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112193. Epub 2024 Feb 22.
Intestinal development takes places in two phases, the initial formation of neonatal (mammals)/larval (anurans) intestine and its subsequent maturation into the adult form. This maturation occurs during postembryonic development when plasma thyroid hormone (T3) level peaks. In anurans such as the highly related Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis, the larval/tadpole intestine is drastically remodeled from a simple tubular structure to a complex, multi-folded adult organ during T3-dependent metamorphosis. This involved complete degeneration of larval epithelium via programmed cell death and de novo formation of adult epithelium, with concurrent maturation of the muscles and connective tissue. Here, we will summarize our current understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms, with a focus on more recent genetic and genome-wide studies.
肠的发育分为两个阶段，即新生儿（哺乳动物）/幼虫（蛙类）肠的初始形成及其随后向成体形式的成熟。这种成熟发生在胚胎后发育期间，此时血浆甲状腺激素（T3）水平达到峰值。在蛙类（如高度相关的非洲爪蟾和热带爪蟾）中，幼虫/蝌蚪肠在 T3 依赖性变态过程中从简单的管状结构剧烈重塑为复杂的多褶成年器官。这涉及通过程序性细胞死亡彻底退化幼虫上皮，并新形成成年上皮，同时肌肉和结缔组织也成熟。在这里，我们将总结我们对潜在分子机制的当前理解，重点是最近的遗传和全基因组研究。
