Division of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino, Tokyo, 180-8602, Japan.
The Biomechanics Laboratory, Faculty of System Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minamiosawa, Hachioji- shi, Tokyo, Japan.
BMC Vet Res. 2024 Feb 24;20(1):72. doi: 10.1186/s12917-024-03923-1.
Cranial closing wedge osteotomy (CCWO) is a functional stabilisation technique for cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) ruptures. This biomechanical study aimed to evaluate the influence of CCWO on the stability of the stifle joint. Eighteen Beagle stifle joints were divided into two groups: control and CCWO. The stifle joints were analyzed using a six-degree-of-freedom robotic joint biomechanical testing system. The joints were subjected to 30 N in the craniocaudal (CrCd) drawer and proximal compression tests and 1 Nm in the internal-external (IE) rotation test. Each test was performed with an extension position, 135°, and 120° of joint angle.
The stifle joints were tested while the CrCLs were intact and then transected. In the drawer test, the CCWO procedure, CrCL transection, and stifle joint flexion increased CrCd displacement. The CCWO procedure and CrCL transection showed an interaction effect. In the compression test, the CCWO procedure decreased and CrCL transection and stifle joint flexion increased displacement. In the IE rotation test, CCWO, CrCL transection, and stifle joint flexion increased the range of motion.
CCWO was expected to provide stability against compressive force but does not contribute to stability in the drawer or rotational tests. In the CCWO-treated stifle joint, instability during the drawer test worsened with CrCL transection. In other words, performing the CCWO procedure when the CrCL function is present is desirable for stabilizing the stifle joint.
颅闭合楔形截骨术（CCWO）是一种用于治疗前十字韧带（CrCL）断裂的功能性稳定技术。本生物力学研究旨在评估 CCWO 对膝关节稳定性的影响。将 18 个比格犬膝关节分为对照组和 CCWO 组。使用六自由度机器人关节生物力学测试系统分析膝关节。对膝关节进行 30 N 的前后（CrCd）抽屉和近端压缩测试以及 1 Nm 的内外（IE）旋转测试。每个测试均在伸展位置、135°和 120°的关节角度下进行。
在 CrCL 完整和切断的情况下测试膝关节。在抽屉试验中，CCWO 手术、CrCL 切断和膝关节屈曲增加了 CrCd 位移。CCWO 手术和 CrCL 切断有相互作用的效果。在压缩试验中，CCWO 手术减少，CrCL 切断和膝关节屈曲增加了位移。在 IE 旋转试验中，CCWO、CrCL 切断和膝关节屈曲增加了运动范围。
CCWO 有望提供对抗压缩力的稳定性，但在抽屉或旋转试验中对稳定性没有贡献。在 CCWO 治疗的膝关节中，CrCL 切断后抽屉试验中的不稳定性恶化。换句话说，在 CrCL 功能存在的情况下进行 CCWO 手术有利于稳定膝关节。
