School of Psychology and Counseling, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, New Jersey, USA.
Department of Medical Sciences, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, Connecticut, USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 2024;59(7):1059-1066. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2320374. Epub 2024 Feb 25.
Recent evidence indicates that alcohol and other substance co-use, compared to alcohol-only use, might be more closely associated with negative reinforcement processes, and thus more likely during periods of increased stress. The present study examined this possibility by using data from an intensive longitudinal (daily) study of college student drinkers ( = 1461, 54% women). We also examined individual differences in coping and enhancement drinking motives as predictors of alcohol and other substance co-use. We used multilevel multinomial logistic regression to predict, relative to alcohol-only days, the likelihood of alcohol co-use with either cigarettes or marijuana, along with alcohol use with multiple substances and other substance-only use from daily interpersonal and academic stress, day-of-the-week, sex, and individual differences in coping and enhancement drinking motives. We found that, relative to alcohol-only, alcohol and marijuana co-use was more likely, and non-alcohol related substance use was less likely, on weekends. Alcohol and marijuana co-use was less likely, and other substance-only use was more likely, on days characterized by greater academic stress, whereas alcohol and cigarette co-use was more likely on days characterized by greater interpersonal stress. Individuals with higher levels of drinking to cope motivation were more likely to engage in alcohol and cigarette co-use, other substance-only use, and alcohol plus multiple substances, relative to alcohol-only. Individuals with higher levels of enhancement motives were more likely to engage in all types of alcohol and other substance co-use and other substance-only use relative to alcohol-only. Findings are discussed in terms of the complex nature of different patterns of co-use patterns when evaluating indicators of positive- and negative-reinforcement processes.
最近的证据表明，与仅饮酒相比，酒精和其他物质的共同使用可能与负强化过程更为密切相关，因此在压力增加时更有可能发生。本研究通过使用大学生饮酒者的密集纵向（每日）研究数据（ = 1461，54%女性）来检验这种可能性。我们还研究了应对和增强饮酒动机的个体差异作为预测酒精和其他物质共同使用的因素。我们使用多层次多项逻辑回归来预测，相对于仅饮酒日，在日常人际和学术压力、星期几、性别以及应对和增强饮酒动机的个体差异的情况下，酒精与香烟或大麻同时使用的可能性，以及酒精与多种物质同时使用和其他物质单独使用的可能性。我们发现，相对于仅饮酒，周末更有可能同时使用酒精和大麻，而不太可能使用非酒精相关的物质；而在学术压力较大的日子里，酒精和大麻同时使用的可能性较小，而非酒精相关物质单独使用的可能性较大，而在人际压力较大的日子里，酒精和香烟同时使用的可能性较大。具有较高应对饮酒动机的个体更有可能同时使用酒精和香烟、其他物质单独使用以及酒精加多种物质，而不是仅饮酒。具有较高增强动机的个体更有可能同时使用所有类型的酒精和其他物质共同使用以及其他物质单独使用，而不是仅饮酒。在评估正强化和负强化过程的指标时，应根据不同共同使用模式的复杂性质来讨论这些发现。
