Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, United States of America.
Animal Emergency and Specialty Center, Knoxville, TN, United States of America.
PeerJ. 2024 Feb 20;12:e16955. doi: 10.7717/peerj.16955. eCollection 2024.
Hormone assessment is typically recommended for awake, unsedated dogs. However, one of the most commonly asked questions from veterinary practitioners to the endocrinology laboratory is how sedation impacts cortisol concentrations and the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test. Butorphanol, dexmedetomidine, and trazodone are common sedatives for dogs, but their impact on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of butorphanol, dexmedetomidine, and trazodone on serum cortisol concentrations.
Twelve healthy beagles were included in a prospective, randomized, four-period crossover design study with a 7-day washout. ACTH stimulation test results were determined after saline (0.5 mL IV), butorphanol (0.3 mg/kg IV), dexmedetomidine (4 µg/kg IV), and trazodone (3-5 mg/kg PO) administration.
Compared to saline, butorphanol increased basal (median 11.75 µg/dL (range 2.50-23.00) (324.13 nmol/L; range 68.97-634.48) 1.27 µg/dL (0.74-2.10) (35.03 nmol/L; 20.41-57.93); < 0.0001) and post-ACTH cortisol concentrations (17.05 µg/dL (12.40-26.00) (470.34 nmol/L; 342.07-717.24) 13.75 µg/dL (10.00-18.90) (379.31 nmol/L; 275.96-521.38); ≤ 0.0001). Dexmedetomidine and trazodone did not significantly affect basal (1.55 µg/dL (range 0.75-1.55) (42.76 nmol/L; 20.69-42.76); = 0.33 and 0.79 µg/dL (range 0.69-1.89) (21.79 nmol/L; 19.03-52.14); = 0.13, respectively, saline 1.27 (0.74-2.10) (35.03 nmol/L; 20.41-57.93)) or post-ACTH cortisol concentrations (14.35 µg/dL (range 10.70-18.00) (395.86 nmol/L; 295.17-496.55); (P = 0.98 and 12.90 µg/dL (range 8.94-17.40) (355.86 nmol/L; 246.62-480); = 0.65), respectively, saline 13.75 µg/dL (10.00-18.60) (379.31 nmol/L; 275.86-513.10).
Butorphanol administration should be avoided prior to ACTH stimulation testing in dogs. Further evaluation of dexmedetomidine and trazodone's effects on adrenocortical hormone testing in dogs suspected of HPA derangements is warranted to confirm they do not impact clinical diagnosis.
通常建议对清醒、未镇静的犬进行激素评估。然而，兽医向内分泌学实验室提出的最常见问题之一是镇静如何影响皮质醇浓度和促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）刺激试验。但是托啡诺、右美托咪定和曲唑酮是犬常用的镇静剂，但它们对下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴（HPA）的影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是评估但是托啡诺、右美托咪定和曲唑酮对血清皮质醇浓度的影响。
12 只健康的比格犬被纳入一项前瞻性、随机、四周期交叉设计研究，洗脱期为 7 天。在给予生理盐水（0.5mL IV）、但是托啡诺（0.3mg/kg IV）、右美托咪定（4μg/kg IV）和曲唑酮（3-5mg/kg PO）后，确定 ACTH 刺激试验结果。
与生理盐水相比，但是托啡诺增加了基础（中位数 11.75μg/dL（范围 2.50-23.00）（324.13nmol/L；范围 68.97-634.48）1.27μg/dL（0.74-2.10）（35.03nmol/L；20.41-57.93）；<0.0001）和 ACTH 后皮质醇浓度（17.05μg/dL（12.40-26.00）（470.34nmol/L；342.07-717.24）13.75μg/dL（10.00-18.90）（379.31nmol/L；275.96-521.38）；≤0.0001）。右美托咪定和曲唑酮对基础（1.55μg/dL（范围 0.75-1.55）（42.76nmol/L；20.69-42.76）；=0.33 和 0.79μg/dL（范围 0.69-1.89）（21.79nmol/L；19.03-52.14）；=0.13，分别与生理盐水 1.27μg/dL（0.74-2.10）（35.03nmol/L；20.41-57.93））或 ACTH 后皮质醇浓度（14.35μg/dL（范围 10.70-18.00）（395.86nmol/L；295.17-496.55）；（P=0.98 和 12.90μg/dL（范围 8.94-17.40）（355.86nmol/L；246.62-480）；=0.65），分别与生理盐水 13.75μg/dL（10.00-18.60）（379.31nmol/L；275.86-513.10）。
在犬进行 ACTH 刺激试验前，应避免使用但是托啡诺。需要进一步评估右美托咪定和曲唑酮对疑似 HPA 紊乱的犬肾上腺皮质激素检测的影响，以确认它们不会影响临床诊断。
