Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Department of Pathology, İstanbul, Turkiye.
Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital, Department of Pathology, Cytopathology Division, İstanbul, Turkiye, l.
Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 2024;62(1):1-12. doi: 10.5603/fhc.97937. Epub 2024 Feb 26.
Cytological specimens, such as fine needle aspirations (FNAs) and exfoliative cytology samples, are minimally invasive options for diagnostic purposes. Liquid-based cytology (LBC), originally designed for cervical cytology, has gained prominence as an alternative technique for non-gynecological cytology. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) is an ancillary method used when diagnosis becomes challenging due to morphological overlap or the need for cellular origin clarification. This study aims to assess the diagnostic utility of ICC when applied to LBC slides and evaluate its effectiveness in relation to the waiting (lag) time of residual material.
A total of 74 cases in which ICC was applied to LBC slides were studied over one year in a reference pathology laboratory (Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu, Pathology Laboratory, City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey). Cases in which immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cell blocks were excluded. The SurePath PAP method was used for the main LBC cytology slides. For the ICC study, 1-4 PAP-stained LBC slides were obtained from each case's residual material and stained with a primary antibody.
The positive immunostaining was obtained in 81% of cases. The samples were categorized into groups based on the waiting time of residual LBC material for ICC analysis: 1-5 days, 6-10 days, 11-20 days, and 21-38 days. Comparative analysis revealed a decline in ICC efficacy as the waiting (lag) time increased. Additionally, a statistically significant difference was observed between the 11-20 days and 21-38 days groups (P < 0.05). An analysis of 142 LBC slides stained by ICC revealed that nuclear markers exhibited higher positivity compared to non-nuclear markers, although no significant difference was detected between the two groups.
High positivity rates can be obtained in ICC studies performed on additional slides obtained from residual LBC material within the first 20 days. ICC applied to LBC slides is an important and useful alternative for diagnostic and prognostic markers in cases without a cell block or with a cell block without sufficient number of cells.
细胞学标本，如细针抽吸（FNA）和细胞学脱落样本，是用于诊断目的的微创选择。最初为宫颈细胞学设计的液基细胞学（LBC）已成为非妇科细胞学的替代技术而备受关注。免疫细胞化学（ICC）是一种辅助方法，当由于形态学重叠或需要澄清细胞起源而导致诊断变得具有挑战性时使用。本研究旨在评估 ICC 应用于 LBC 幻灯片时的诊断效用，并评估其与剩余材料的等待（滞后）时间的关系。
在土耳其伊斯坦布尔市立医院病理学实验室（Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu）进行了为期一年的研究，共纳入 74 例 ICC 应用于 LBC 幻灯片的病例。排除了对福尔马林固定石蜡包埋细胞块进行免疫组化（IHC）的病例。主要 LBC 细胞学载玻片采用 SurePath PAP 方法。对于 ICC 研究，从每个病例的剩余材料中获得 1-4 张 PAP 染色的 LBC 幻灯片，并使用主要抗体进行染色。
81%的病例获得阳性免疫染色。根据 ICC 分析剩余 LBC 材料的等待时间，将样本分为以下几组：1-5 天、6-10 天、11-20 天和 21-38 天。比较分析表明，随着等待（滞后）时间的增加，ICC 的效果下降。此外，11-20 天和 21-38 天组之间观察到统计学上的显著差异（P <0.05）。对 142 张 ICC 染色的 LBC 幻灯片进行分析发现，核标记物的阳性率高于非核标记物，尽管两组之间没有发现显著差异。
在最初 20 天内从剩余 LBC 材料中获得的额外载玻片上进行 ICC 研究，可以获得高阳性率。将 ICC 应用于 LBC 幻灯片是一种重要且有用的替代方法，可用于没有细胞块或细胞块中细胞数量不足的病例中的诊断和预后标记物。
