Medical Innovation Center (MEDIC), School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Diogenis Str., Engomi, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Medical Innovation Center (MEDIC), School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Diogenis Str., Engomi, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Vitam Horm. 2024;124:341-366. doi: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.12.004. Epub 2024 Feb 1.
This article discusses the physiological and anatomical changes of adrenal gland with age and the effects this has overall on how the organ responds to stress. Physiological changes entail a decrease in adrenocorticoid hormone secretion however cortisol levels remain intact leading to a disruptive stress response. Additionally, loss of zonation of the organ also occurs. Both characteristics in combination with chronic stress affect overall health. Complex interplay between adrenal aging and stress responsiveness is confounded further by the impact they expel on other systems, such as the thyroid hormone. The body undergoes age-related transformations modifying rate of cellular growth, differentiation, senescence, and hormone production. Given the multiplicity and complexity of hormones, their production must be considered to develop appropriate interventions to mitigate its effect on age related diseases in health.
本文讨论了肾上腺随年龄增长的生理和解剖变化，以及这对器官应对压力的整体影响。生理变化导致促肾上腺皮质激素分泌减少，但皮质醇水平保持不变，导致应激反应中断。此外，器官的分区也会丢失。这两个特征与慢性应激相结合，影响整体健康。肾上腺老化和应激反应之间的复杂相互作用进一步受到它们对其他系统（如甲状腺激素）的影响的干扰。随着年龄的增长，身体会发生变化，改变细胞生长、分化、衰老和激素产生的速度。考虑到激素的多样性和复杂性，必须考虑其产生，以制定适当的干预措施，减轻其对健康相关疾病的影响。
