Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, #101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 26;14(1):4688. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-55070-0.
As retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is chronic and progressive, the chronological sequence of microvascular changes is important for understanding its pathophysiology. We aimed to investigate retinal and choroidal microvascular changes according to the RP stages. The stages of RP were classified into three stages according to the integrity and width of the inner segment ellipsoid zone: early, ≥ 2500 μm; moderate, < 2500 μm; advanced, absence. Using optical coherence tomography angiography, quantitative microvascular parameters were analyzed. In total, 91 eyes from 49 patients were included. For the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP), perfusion densities (PDs) in the early stage (SCP: 37.32 ± 8.11%; DCP: 21.19 ± 9.15%) were greater than those in moderate (SCP: 34.16 ± 6.65%, P = 0.011; DCP: 15.67 ± 8.85%, P = 0.031) and advanced stages (SCP: 33.71 ± 9.02%, P = 0.030; DCP: 12.83 ± 6.29%, P < 0.001). The choroidal vascularity index in the early stage (0.58 ± 0.03) was greater than those in the moderate (0.57 ± 0.02, P = 0.017) and advanced stage (0.56 ± 0.02, P = 0.033). The area and perimeter of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in advanced stage (0.44 ± 0.26 mm, 2.96 ± 0.86 mm, respectively) were larger than those in early (0.26 ± 0.11 mm, P = 0.020; 2.19 ± 0.53 mm, P = 0.006, respectively) and moderate stage (0.28 ± 0.13 mm, P = 0.043; 2.24 ± 0.67 mm, P = 0.013, respectively). During RP disease progression, retinal and choroidal microvascular vessel density decreases in the early stage, followed by FAZ enlargement in the advanced stage.
由于视网膜色素变性（RP）是慢性进行性的，因此微血管变化的时间顺序对于理解其病理生理学非常重要。我们旨在根据 RP 阶段研究视网膜和脉络膜微血管变化。根据内节椭圆体带的完整性和宽度，将 RP 阶段分为三个阶段：早期，≥2500μm；中度，<2500μm；晚期，缺失。使用光相干断层扫描血管造影术分析定量微血管参数。总共纳入了 49 名患者的 91 只眼。对于浅层毛细血管丛（SCP）和深层毛细血管丛（DCP），早期（SCP：37.32±8.11%；DCP：21.19±9.15%）的灌注密度（PD）大于中度（SCP：34.16±6.65%，P=0.011；DCP：15.67±8.85%，P=0.031）和晚期（SCP：33.71±9.02%，P=0.030；DCP：12.83±6.29%，P<0.001）。早期的脉络膜血管指数（0.58±0.03）大于中度（0.57±0.02，P=0.017）和晚期（0.56±0.02，P=0.033）。晚期的黄斑无血管区（FAZ）的面积和周长（0.44±0.26mm，2.96±0.86mm）大于早期（0.26±0.11mm，P=0.020；2.19±0.53mm，P=0.006）和中度（0.28±0.13mm，P=0.043；2.24±0.67mm，P=0.013）。在 RP 疾病进展过程中，视网膜和脉络膜微血管密度在早期阶段下降，随后在晚期阶段 FAZ 扩大。
