Sherrier R H, Johnson G A, Suddarth S A, Chiles C, Hulka C, Ravin C E
Invest Radiol. 1985 Dec;20(9):933-7. doi: 10.1097/00004424-198512000-00008.
Studies evaluating observer accuracy and visual perception of pulmonary nodules usually are based upon test films obtained from clinical practice in patients with proven pulmonary nodules. Unfortunately, such nodules do not always occur in the optimal size and location to facilitate testing. Such studies would be enhanced by the ability to place nodules of desired size and location on chest radiographs. This report describes a method of placing a computer-generated (synthesized) nodule on a digitized chest radiograph. To demonstrate the similarity of these synthesized nodules to real nodules, each digitized radiograph with a computer-generated nodule was paired with a digitized chest radiograph of a patient with a clinically proven pulmonary nodule. A total of 22 pairs of chest radiographs were then shown to 13 radiologists, who were asked to distinguish the synthesized nodule from the real nodule. With this two alternative forced-choice test, the radiologists were only able to distinguish the synthesized nodule in 51% of the cases, strongly suggesting that computer generated nodules may be used to simulate real pulmonary nodules in future tests of nodule detection.
评估观察者对肺结节的准确性和视觉感知的研究通常基于从患有已证实肺结节的患者临床实践中获得的测试胶片。不幸的是，此类结节并不总是出现在便于检测的最佳大小和位置。能够在胸部X光片上放置所需大小和位置的结节将增强此类研究。本报告描述了一种在数字化胸部X光片上放置计算机生成（合成）结节的方法。为了证明这些合成结节与真实结节的相似性，每张带有计算机生成结节的数字化X光片都与一张患有临床证实肺结节患者的数字化胸部X光片配对。然后将总共22对胸部X光片展示给13名放射科医生，要求他们区分合成结节和真实结节。通过这种二选一的强制选择测试，放射科医生在51%的病例中仅能区分出合成结节，这有力地表明在未来结节检测测试中计算机生成的结节可用于模拟真实的肺结节。
