Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2024 Jun;54(3):556-574. doi: 10.1111/sltb.13065. Epub 2024 Feb 27.
The objective of this systematic review is to describe the scientific evidence for the Suicide Crisis Syndrome (SCS), a presuicidal cognitive and affective state consisting of five symptomatic dimensions: entrapment, affective disturbance, loss of cognitive control, hyperarousal, and social withdrawal. The aim of this article is to summarize the emerging literature on the SCS and to assess the extent to which a uniform syndrome can be assumed.
A systematic literature search was conducted in three different databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, and Google Scholar) using the search terms "Suicide Crisis Inventory," "Suicide Crisis Syndrome," "Narrative Crisis Model of Suicide," and "Suicide Trigger State."
In total, 37 articles from 2010 to 2022 were identified by search criteria. Twenty-one articles published between 2017 and 2022 were included in the systematic review. All but three studies were conducted in the United States and examined clinical samples of adult high-risk psychiatric in- and outpatients. Sample sizes ranged from N = 170 to 4846. The findings confirm the unidimensional structure of the proposed disorder and support the predictive validity for short-term suicidal behavior above and beyond suicidal ideation.
Despite the promising predictive validity of the SCS, a precise prediction of future suicidal behavior remains difficult.
本系统评价的目的是描述自杀危机综合征（SCS）的科学证据，这是一种潜在自杀的认知和情感状态，由五个症状维度组成：困境感、情感紊乱、认知失控、过度警觉和社会退缩。本文旨在总结 SCS 的新兴文献，并评估是否可以假定存在统一的综合征。
在三个不同的数据库（PubMed、PsycInfo 和 Google Scholar）中使用“自杀危机量表”、“自杀危机综合征”、“叙事性自杀危机模型”和“自杀触发状态”等检索词进行了系统的文献检索。
根据检索标准，共确定了 2010 年至 2022 年的 37 篇文章。其中 21 篇发表于 2017 年至 2022 年的文章被纳入系统综述。除了三项研究外，所有研究均在美国进行，研究对象为成人高危精神科门诊和住院患者。样本量从 N=170 到 4846 不等。研究结果证实了所提出的障碍的单维结构，并支持了短期自杀行为的预测效度，优于自杀意念。
尽管 SCS 的预测效度很有前景，但对未来自杀行为的准确预测仍然很困难。
