Li Y, Zhang P, Sun C, Xiao N, Yang Y, Zhong B, Fang C, Kui G, Liu Z, Li F, Yang S, Feng Y
Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuwei, Gansu 733200, China.
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Health Commission Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200025, China.
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 2024 Jan 31;35(6):626-632. doi: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2023179.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the central government-funded echinococcosis control programme in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, Gansu Province from 2007 to 2022, so as to provide insights into echinococcosis control.
Administrative villages were sampled using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method from Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, Gansu Province from 2007 to 2022, and all residents at ages of 12 years and older in the sampled villages were screened for echinococcosis, and schools were sampled using a cluster sampling method, and all children at ages of 12 years and older in the sampled schools were screened for echinococcosis. Domestic dogs were sampled using a systematic random sampling method, and one domestic dog stool sample was collected from each household. Stray dog stool samples were collected outside the villages, and coproantigens were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in domestic and stray dogs. In addition, echinococcosis was screened in sheep and cattle in designated slaughterhouses in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County. The trends in the prevalence of echinococcosis in humans and livestock and the positive rate of coproantigens in dogs were examined with the Cochran-Armitage trend test. In addition, individuals screened for echinococcosis were randomly sampled from 2007 to 2022 for survey on the awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge.
A total of 290 356 person-times were screened for echinococcosis among residents at ages of 12 years and older in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, Gansu Province from 2007 to 2022, with 1 094 residents detected with cystic echinococcosis, and the detection of echinococcosis appeared a tendency towards a gradual decline over years (χ = 358.602, < 0.001). A total of 32 931 person-times were screened for echinococcosis among children at ages of 12 years and older in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, Gansu Province from 2007 to 2022, with 296 children detected with echinococcosis, and the detection of echinococcosis appeared a tendency towards a gradual decline over years (χ = 267.673, < 0.001). A total of 33 230 domestic dog stool samples were tested for coproantigens in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, Gansu Province from 2007 to 2022, with 1 777 coproantigens-positive samples tested, and the positive rate of coproantigens appeared a tendency towards a decline in domestic dogs over years (χ = 2 210.428, < 0.001), while the positive rate of coproantigens showed a tendency towards a rise in domestic animals from 2016 to 2022 (χ = 37.745, < 0.001). The positive rate of coproantigens remained relatively stable in stray dogs in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, Gansu Province from 2019 to 2022 (χ = 0.315, = 0.575). A total of 10 973 sheep were screened for echinococcosis in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County from 2007 to 2022, with 334 sheep detected with echinococcosis, and the detection of echinococcosis appeared a tendency towards a decline in sheep over years (χ = 53.579, < 0.001); however, there was no significant change in the detection of echinococcosis during the period from 2015 through 2022 (χ = 1.520, = 0.218). A total of 2 400 cattle were screened for echinococcosis in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County from 2017 to 2022, with 231 cattle detected with echinococcosis, and the detection of echinococcosis showed a tendency towards a decline over years (χ = 5.579, < 0.05). The awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge increased from 44.37% in 2007 to 94.00% in 2022 among residents at ages of 12 years and older and from 52.50% in 2007 to 92.50% in 2022 among children at ages of 12 years and older in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, respectively.
There has been a reduction in the detection of echinococcosis in humans and domestic animals and the positive rate of coproantigens in dogs and a rise in the awareness of the echinococcosis control knowledge following the implementation of the central government-funded echinococcosis control programme in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County, Gansu Province; however, integrated echinococcosis control measures are still required for further control of the prevalence of echinococcosis.
评估2007年至2022年中央财政支持的甘肃省天祝藏族自治县包虫病防治项目效果,为包虫病防治提供参考。
采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,对2007年至2022年甘肃省天祝藏族自治县的行政村进行抽样,对抽样村12岁及以上居民进行包虫病筛查;采用整群抽样方法对学校进行抽样,对抽样学校12岁及以上儿童进行包虫病筛查。采用系统随机抽样方法对家犬进行抽样,每户采集1份家犬粪便样本;在村外采集流浪犬粪便样本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测家犬和流浪犬粪便中的粪抗原。此外,在天祝藏族自治县指定屠宰场对羊和牛进行包虫病筛查。采用Cochran-Armitage趋势检验分析人和家畜包虫病患病率及犬粪抗原阳性率的变化趋势。另外,随机抽取2007年至2022年包虫病筛查对象,调查其包虫病防治知识知晓情况。
2007年至2022年,甘肃省天祝藏族自治县共筛查12岁及以上居民290356人次,查出囊型包虫病患者1094例,包虫病检出率呈逐年下降趋势(χ² = 358.602,P < 0.001)。2007年至2022年,甘肃省天祝藏族自治县共筛查12岁及以上儿童32931人次,查出包虫病患儿296例,包虫病检出率呈逐年下降趋势(χ² = 267.673,P < 0.001)。2007年至2022年,甘肃省天祝藏族自治县共检测家犬粪便样本33230份,粪抗原阳性样本1777份,家犬粪抗原阳性率呈逐年下降趋势(χ² = 2210.428,P < 0.001),2016年至2022年家畜粪抗原阳性率呈上升趋势(χ² = 37.745,P < 0.001)。2019年至2022年,甘肃省天祝藏族自治县流浪犬粪抗原阳性率相对稳定(χ² = 0.315,P = 0.575)。2007年至2022年,天祝藏族自治县共筛查羊10973只,查出包虫病羊334只,羊包虫病检出率呈逐年下降趋势(χ² = 53.579,P < 0.001),2015年至2022年期间羊包虫病检出率无明显变化(χ² = 1.520,P = 0.218)。2017年至2022年,天祝藏族自治县共筛查牛2400头,查出包虫病牛231头,牛包虫病检出率呈逐年下降趋势(χ² = 5.579,P < 0.05)。天祝藏族自治县12岁及以上居民包虫病防治知识知晓率由2007年的44.37%上升至2022年的94.00%,12岁及以上儿童包虫病防治知识知晓率由2007年的52.50%上升至2022年的92.50%。
甘肃省天祝藏族自治县实施中央财政支持的包虫病防治项目后,人和家畜包虫病检出率、犬粪抗原阳性率下降,包虫病防治知识知晓率上升;但仍需采取综合防治措施进一步控制包虫病流行。