Cusworth George, Lorimer Jamie
Oxford Martin Program on the Future of Food, University of Oxford, UK.
School of Geography and the Environment and Hertford College, University of Oxford, UK.
Ann Am Assoc Geogr. 2024 Feb 6;114(3):462-480. doi: 10.1080/24694452.2023.2289984. eCollection 2024.
This article explores approaches to managing pests that are being developed in response to the faltering effectiveness of antibiotic regimes of chemical control. It focuses on black-grass (), an endemic plant in European agriculture that has emerged as a serious yield-robber with increasing levels of herbicidal resistance. Following farmers and agronomists who have developed "integrated" approaches to black-grass management, the article identifies approaches to biosecurity that do not target unwanted life so much as they modulate ecological systems in their entirety. Pathogenesis, in this relational understanding, follows not from breaches of dangerous life into healthy space, but from ecological intra-actions that enable the proliferation of some life to compromise the multispecies livability of the body in question. The article contributes to the literature by detailing how this configurational approach works in the world. It traces the polymorphic spatial imaginaries required to map pests well; the process of knowledge intensification needed to reveal which configurations can resist pathogenesis; and the probiotic biopolitical interventions used to safeguard farmland productivity. The article uses black-grass to present a temporal metanarrative of intensive farming causing ecological blowback, leading to the development of approaches to pest management predicated on a pragmatic tolerance toward unwanted life.
本文探讨了针对化学防治抗生素制度有效性逐渐衰退而正在开发的害虫管理方法。它聚焦于黑麦草(),这种欧洲农业中的本土植物已成为严重的产量掠夺者,其抗除草剂能力不断增强。文章跟随农民和农学家,他们已开发出黑麦草管理的“综合”方法,识别出生物安全方法,这些方法并非主要针对有害生物,而是对整个生态系统进行调节。在这种关系性理解中,发病机制并非源于危险生物侵入健康空间,而是源于生态内部作用,这种作用使某些生物得以繁殖,从而损害相关生物体的多物种宜居性。本文通过详细阐述这种构型方法在现实世界中的运作方式,为相关文献做出了贡献。它追溯了准确绘制害虫所需的多形态空间想象;揭示哪些构型能够抵抗发病机制所需的知识强化过程;以及用于保障农田生产力的益生菌生物政治干预措施。本文以黑麦草为例,呈现了集约化农业导致生态反作用的时间性元叙事,并由此引出基于对有害生物务实容忍的害虫管理方法的发展。