Wang Yijie, Deng Yan, Liu Ji'ao, Zhang Boyi, Chen Qi, Cheng Chuanwei
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2024 Mar 13;16(10):12697-12705. doi: 10.1021/acsami.4c00410. Epub 2024 Feb 28.
Flexible zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have been considered to have huge potential in portable and wearable electronics due to their high safety, cost efficiency, and considerable energy density. Therein, the design and construction of flexible electrodes significantly determine the performance and lifespan of flexible battery devices. In this work, an ultrathin flexible three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) Sn@Zn anode (60 μm in thickness) is presented to relieve dendrite growth and expand the lifespan of flexible ZIBs. The 3DOM structure can ensure uniform electric field distribution, guide oriented zinc plating/stripping, and extend the lifespan of anodes. The rich zincophilic Sn sites on the electrode surface significantly facilitate Zn nucleation. Accordingly, a lowered nucleation overpotential of 8.9 mV and an ultralong cycling performance of 2400 h at 0.1 mA cm and 0.1 mAh cm are achieved in symmetric cells, and the 3DOM Sn@Zn anode can also operate in deep cycling for over 200 h at 10 mA cm and 5 mAh cm. A flexible 3DOM MnO/Ni cathode with a high structural stability and a high mass-specific capacity is fabricated to match with the anode to form a flexible ZIB with a total thickness of 200 μm. The flexible device delivers a high volumetric energy density of 11.76 mWh cm at 100 mA g and a high average open-circuit voltage of 1.5 V and exhibits high-performance power supply under deformation in practical application scenarios. This work may shed some light on the design and fabrication of flexible energy-storage devices.
柔性锌离子电池（ZIBs）因其高安全性、成本效益和可观的能量密度，在便携式和可穿戴电子产品中被认为具有巨大潜力。其中，柔性电极的设计和构建显著决定了柔性电池装置的性能和寿命。在这项工作中，提出了一种超薄柔性三维有序大孔（3DOM）Sn@Zn阳极（厚度为60μm），以缓解枝晶生长并延长柔性ZIBs的寿命。3DOM结构可确保均匀的电场分布，引导锌的定向电镀/剥离，并延长阳极寿命。电极表面丰富的亲锌Sn位点显著促进了Zn的成核。因此，对称电池在0.1 mA cm和0.1 mAh cm下实现了8.9 mV的降低成核过电位和2400 h的超长循环性能，并且3DOM Sn@Zn阳极在10 mA cm和5 mAh cm下也能在深度循环中运行超过200 h。制备了一种具有高结构稳定性和高质量比容量的柔性3DOM MnO/Ni阴极，以与阳极匹配，形成总厚度为200μm的柔性ZIB。该柔性器件在100 mA g下具有11.76 mWh cm的高体积能量密度和1.5 V的高平均开路电压，并且在实际应用场景中变形时表现出高性能电源特性。这项工作可能为柔性储能器件的设计和制造提供一些启示。
