Department of Geography, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2024 Feb 28;196(3):317. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-12485-6.
Asian openbill stork (Anastomus oscitans) colonies and also the numbers were enormous before some decades in some villages beside Keleghai River bank. However, there has been a significant decline in both the colonies and their populations. This present study investigates the rapid decline in the number of breeding colonies and birds, exploring the reasons behind this phenomenon. To address these inquiries, the study collects perceptions from various stakeholders through extensive field observations and interviews. Expeditions are conducted to comprehend the prevailing situation and associated circumstances. Qualitative observations reveal that human intervention, both direct and indirect, is limiting the development of stork colonies. Data analysis indicates that 37.5% of respondents attribute the contraction of bird colonies to changes in land use, while 26.3% point to the extermination of larger trees along the colony periphery. Additionally, 18.05% of opinions implicate the heavy use of pesticides and fertilizers in the wetland, 6.94% cite local climate change, and 11.11% cite other reasons. To validate the gathered information, the study employed temporal land use land cover (LULC) classification techniques. Random point pattern analysis from Google Image of 2023 is also utilized to reinforce the survey results. It enhances understanding of the spatio-temporal relationship. Subsequently, the study presents the correlation matrix to elucidate the relationship between stork colonies and contributing factors. It provides a clear insight into the underlying situations. Finally, a comparative analysis of the surveyed and spatial analysis information is conducted to detect and validate the perception of stakeholders. Based on these observations, the study formulates conservation measures for the bird habitat and their colonies in the study area.
几十年前，在可海河沿岸的一些村庄，亚洲杓鹬（Anastomus oscitans）的繁殖地和数量非常多。然而，现在这些繁殖地和鸟类的数量都出现了显著下降。本研究调查了繁殖地和鸟类数量的快速下降，并探讨了这一现象的原因。为了解决这些问题，本研究通过广泛的实地观察和访谈收集了来自不同利益相关者的意见。考察团对当地情况和相关情况进行了调查。实地观察发现，人类的直接和间接干预限制了杓鹬繁殖地的发展。数据分析表明，37.5%的受访者认为鸟类繁殖地的收缩是由于土地利用的变化，而 26.3%的受访者则认为是繁殖地周边较大树木的砍伐。此外，18.05%的意见认为湿地大量使用农药和化肥，6.94%的意见认为是当地气候变化，11.11%的意见认为是其他原因。为了验证收集到的信息，本研究采用了时间土地利用土地覆盖（LULC）分类技术。还利用 2023 年谷歌图像的随机点模式分析来加强调查结果。它增强了对时空关系的理解。随后，研究提出了相关矩阵，以阐明杓鹬繁殖地与相关因素之间的关系。它提供了对潜在情况的清晰洞察。最后，对调查和空间分析信息进行了比较分析，以检测和验证利益相关者的看法。基于这些观察结果，本研究制定了保护该地区鸟类栖息地及其繁殖地的措施。
