Yi Chua Qi, Bojeng Muhammad Na'im Bin Haji Bujang Haji, Kamis Siti Khadijah Binti Haji, Mubarak Nabisab Mujawar, Karri Rama Rao, Azri Hazwan
Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan, BE1410, Brunei.
Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India.
Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 28;14(1):4934. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-55079-5.
Plastic waste is being manufactured for the production of hydrogen. The amount of plastic waste collected annually is 189,953 tonnes from adjacent nations like Indonesia and Malaysia. Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene (PP), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and Polystyrene (PS) are the five most prevalent forms of plastic found in most waste. Pyrolysis, water gas shift and steam reforming reaction, and pressure swing adsorption are the three main phases utilized and studied. In this research, authors examines the energy consumption on every stage. The plastic waste can be utilized to manufacture many hydrocarbons using the pyrolysis reaction. For this process, fast pyrolysis is being used at a temperature of 500 °C. A neutralization process is also needed due to the presence of Hydrochloric acid from the pyrolysis reaction, with the addition of sodium hydroxide. This is being carried to prevent any damage to the reactor during the process. Secondly, the steam reforming process continues after the water gas shift reaction has produced steam and carbon monoxide, followed by carbon dioxide and hydrogen formation. Lastly, pressure swing adsorption is designed to extract HS and CO from the water gas shift and steam reforming reaction for greater purity of hydrogen. From the simulation study, it is observed that using various types of plastic waste procured (total input of 20,000 kg per hour of plastics) from, Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Indonesia, can produce about 340,000 tons of Hydrogen per year. Additionally, the annual profit of the Hydrogen production is estimated to be between $ 271,158,100 and $ 358,480,200. As per the economic analysis, it can be said that its a good to start hydrogen production plant in these regions.
塑料废弃物正被用于制氢生产。每年从印度尼西亚和马来西亚等邻国收集的塑料废弃物量为189,953吨。聚乙烯（PE）、聚丙烯（PP）、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）、聚氯乙烯（PVC）和聚苯乙烯（PS）是大多数废弃物中最常见的五种塑料形式。热解、水煤气变换和蒸汽重整反应以及变压吸附是所采用和研究的三个主要阶段。在本研究中，作者考察了每个阶段的能源消耗。塑料废弃物可通过热解反应用于制造多种碳氢化合物。对于此过程，在500℃的温度下使用快速热解。由于热解反应产生盐酸，还需要进行中和过程，并添加氢氧化钠。这样做是为了防止过程中对反应器造成任何损坏。其次，在水煤气变换反应产生蒸汽和一氧化碳后，接着生成二氧化碳和氢气，随后继续进行蒸汽重整过程。最后，变压吸附旨在从水煤气变换和蒸汽重整反应中提取硫化氢和一氧化碳，以提高氢气的纯度。从模拟研究中观察到，使用从文莱达鲁萨兰国、马来西亚和印度尼西亚采购的各种类型的塑料废弃物（每小时塑料总输入量为20,000千克），每年可生产约340,000吨氢气。此外，制氢的年利润估计在271,158,100美元至358,480,200美元之间。根据经济分析，可以说在这些地区开办制氢厂是可行的。
