Zhao Ting, Li Jing, Huang Teng, Ying Zhi-Fang, Che Yan-Chun, Zhao Zhi-Mei, Fu Yu-Ting, Tao Jun-Hui, Yang Qing-Hai, Wei Ding-Kai, Li Guo-Liang, Yi Li, Zhao Yu-Ping, Chen Hong-Bo, Wang Jian-Feng, Jiang Rui-Ju, Yu Lei, Cai Wei, Yang Wei, Xie Ming-Xue, Yin Qiong-Zhou, Pu Jing, Shi Li, Hong Chao, Deng Yan, Cai Lu-Kui, Zhou Jian, Wen Yu, Li Hong-Sen, Huang Wei, Mo Zhao-Jun, Li Chang-Gui, Li Qi-Han, Yang Jing-Si
Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.
Guangxi Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China.
NPJ Vaccines. 2024 Feb 29;9(1):50. doi: 10.1038/s41541-024-00831-1.
Trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) has been withdrawn and instead an inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and bivalent type 1 and type 3 OPV (bOPV) sequential immunization schedule has been implemented since 2016, but no immune persistence data are available for this polio vaccination strategy. This study aimed to assess immune persistence following different polio sequential immunization schedules. Venous blood was collected at 24, 36, and 48 months of age from participants who had completed sequential schedules of combined IPV and OPV in phase III clinical trials. The serum neutralizing antibody titers against poliovirus were determined, and the poliovirus-specific antibody-positive rates were evaluated. A total of 1104 participants were enrolled in this study. The positive rates of poliovirus type 1- and type 3-specific antibodies among the sequential immunization groups showed no significant difference at 24, 36, or 48 months of age. The positive rates of poliovirus type 2-specific antibody in the IPV-IPV-tOPV group at all time points were nearly 100%, which was significantly higher than the corresponding rates in other immunization groups (IPV-bOPV-bOPV and IPV-IPV-bOPV). Immunization schedules involving one or two doses of IPV followed by bOPV failed to maintain a high positive rate for poliovirus type 2-specific antibody.
三价口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（tOPV）已被停用，自2016年起改用灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗（IPV）和1型及3型二价口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（bOPV）的序贯免疫程序，但目前尚无该脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种策略的免疫持久性数据。本研究旨在评估不同脊髓灰质炎序贯免疫程序后的免疫持久性。从在III期临床试验中完成IPV和OPV联合序贯免疫程序的参与者中，在其24、36和48月龄时采集静脉血。测定血清中针对脊髓灰质炎病毒的中和抗体滴度，并评估脊髓灰质炎病毒特异性抗体阳性率。本研究共纳入1104名参与者。序贯免疫组中1型和3型脊髓灰质炎病毒特异性抗体的阳性率在24、36或48月龄时无显著差异。IPV-IPV-tOPV组中2型脊髓灰质炎病毒特异性抗体在所有时间点的阳性率均接近100%，显著高于其他免疫组（IPV-bOPV-bOPV和IPV-IPV-bOPV）。涉及一剂或两剂IPV后接bOPV的免疫程序未能维持2型脊髓灰质炎病毒特异性抗体的高阳性率。
