Pai Vidya R, Rebner Murray
Beaumont Health, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Royal Oak, MI, USA.
J Breast Imaging. 2021 Sep 16;3(5):603-606. doi: 10.1093/jbi/wbab057.
Anxiety has been portrayed by the media and some organizations and societies as one of the harms of mammography. However, one experiences anxiety in multiple different medical tests that are undertaken, including screening examinations; it is not unique to mammography. Some may argue that because this anxiety is transient, the so-called harm is potentially overstated, but for some women the anxiety is significant. Anxiety can increase or decrease the likelihood of obtaining a screening mammogram. There are multiple ways that anxiety associated with screening mammography can be diminished, including before, during, and after the examination. These include simple measures such as patient education, improved communication, being aware of the patient's potential discomfort and addressing it, validating the patient's anxiety as well as providing the patient with positive factual data that can easily be implemented in every breast center. More complex interventions include altering the breast center environment with multisensory stimulation, reorganization of patient flow to minimize wait times, and relaxation techniques including complementary and alternative medicine. In this article we will review the literature on measures that can be taken to minimize anxiety that would maximize the likelihood of a woman obtaining an annual screening mammogram.
媒体以及一些组织和团体将焦虑描述为乳房X光检查的危害之一。然而，人们在包括筛查检查在内的多种不同医学检查中都会经历焦虑，这并非乳房X光检查所特有。有些人可能会说，由于这种焦虑是短暂的，所以所谓的危害可能被夸大了，但对一些女性来说，焦虑程度很严重。焦虑会增加或降低进行乳房X光筛查的可能性。有多种方法可以减轻与乳房X光筛查相关的焦虑，包括检查前、检查期间和检查后。这些方法包括一些简单措施，如患者教育、改善沟通、意识到患者可能的不适并加以解决、认可患者的焦虑情绪以及向患者提供可在每个乳腺中心轻松实施的正面事实数据。更复杂的干预措施包括通过多感官刺激改变乳腺中心环境、重新安排患者流程以尽量减少等待时间，以及采用包括补充和替代医学在内的放松技巧。在本文中，我们将回顾相关文献，探讨为将女性每年进行乳房X光筛查的可能性最大化而可采取的、能尽量减轻焦虑的措施。
