Maimone Santo, Ocal Idris T, Robinson Kristin A, Wasserman Martha C, Maxwell Robert W
Mayo Clinic Florida, Department of Radiology, Jacksonville, FL.
Mayo Clinic Arizona, Department of Anatomic Pathology, Scottsdale, AZ.
J Breast Imaging. 2020 Aug 10;2(4):330-335. doi: 10.1093/jbi/wbaa035.
Parenchymal breast cysts are considered to be rare in men and are sparsely described in the literature. The purpose of this study was to review our institution's experience with male breast cysts in an effort to improve overall understanding and management of this rare entity.
An institutional review board-exempt retrospective study was performed. Radiology reports for males who underwent mammogram and/or breast ultrasound at any of our institution's primary or satellite locations from January 1995 to January 2020 were screened to find males with breast cysts. If cysts were reported and images were available, case review was performed to confirm parenchymal breast cyst(s) and patient characteristics were collated.
Of 5425 male cases presenting for breast imaging, 19 (0.4%) cases of male breast cysts were confirmed, with a mean patient age of 41.6 years (range: 2-81 years). The most common indication leading to cyst discovery was a palpable lump, corresponding to the site of the cyst in 5 (26.3%) patients and near the site where cyst(s) were ultimately discovered in 7 (36.8%) patients. There were 8 (42.1%) instances of cysts without concurrent gynecomastia. Three (15.8%) men underwent needle sampling. There were no cases of atypia or malignancy on needle biopsy or on subsequent clinical follow-up, with median clinical follow-up of 70.3 months (range: 3.3-259.4 months).
Male breast parenchymal cysts are rare, but their prevalence is likely underestimated. If detected incidentally or upon targeted evaluation, biopsy may be averted if classic benign cyst features are identified.
男性乳腺实质囊肿被认为较为罕见，文献中对此描述较少。本研究旨在回顾我们机构处理男性乳腺囊肿的经验，以提高对这一罕见病症的整体认识和管理水平。
进行了一项无需机构审查委员会批准的回顾性研究。筛选了1995年1月至2020年1月期间在我们机构的任何主要或卫星地点接受乳房X线摄影和/或乳腺超声检查的男性的放射学报告，以找出患有乳腺囊肿的男性。如果报告了囊肿且有图像可用，则进行病例审查以确认乳腺实质囊肿，并整理患者特征。
在5425例接受乳腺成像检查的男性病例中，确诊了19例（0.4%）男性乳腺囊肿，患者平均年龄为41.6岁（范围：2 - 81岁）。导致囊肿发现的最常见指征是可触及肿块，5例（26.3%）患者的肿块对应囊肿部位，7例（36.8%）患者的肿块靠近最终发现囊肿的部位。有8例（42.1%）囊肿患者无男性乳房肥大并发。3例（15.8%）男性接受了针吸活检。针吸活检或随后的临床随访中均未发现异型增生或恶性肿瘤病例，临床随访中位数为70.3个月（范围：3.3 - 259.4个月）。
男性乳腺实质囊肿罕见，但实际患病率可能被低估。如果偶然发现或在针对性评估中发现，若识别出典型的良性囊肿特征，可避免活检。
