Nancy S, Gayathri S, Rahman K Mujibur, Govindarajan P K
Department of Community Medicine, Vinayaka Mission's Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation - Deemed to be University (VMRF-DU), Karaikal, Puducherry, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2024 Jan-Feb;49(1):46-51. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_297_22. Epub 2024 Jan 12.
Safe disposal of feces is ensured when it is deposited into a toilet, whereas unsafe disposal of child's feces plays a crucial role in disease transmission and environmental pollution. These areas are overlooked by many sanitation promotion interventions.
To determine the effect of positive deviance (PD) approach on safe disposal of child's feces among households who owned a toilet.
A community-based quasi-experimental study was conducted in the four field practice villages of the Urban Health Training Center, Villupuram, for 18 months. Households who owned a toilet and had a child less than 5 years old were included. After IEC clearance, information was collected from a representative sample of 100 households before intervention and another 100 households after intervention. PD approach was applied for 6 months to promote safe disposal practices in the study villages. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (version 24). The Chi-square test was used to determine the significance of difference between baseline and endline data. The effect size was calculated to estimate the magnitude of difference between baseline and endline data.
Before intervention, only 3% of households disposed the feces into a toilet, while after intervention, almost 38% of households disposed in the toilet (χ = 37.39; df = 1; = 0.001). The effect size (Cramer's V) was found to be 0.43.
PD approach demonstrated considerable improvements in safe disposal of child's feces in rural settings. Further, to sustain the behavior change, frequent reinforcement of key messages at frequent intervals needs to be emphasized.
粪便排入马桶可确保安全处置，而儿童粪便的不安全处置在疾病传播和环境污染中起着关键作用。许多环境卫生促进干预措施都忽视了这些方面。
确定积极偏差（PD）方法对拥有马桶的家庭中儿童粪便安全处置的影响。
在维鲁布尔姆城市卫生培训中心的四个实地实习村庄进行了一项为期18个月的基于社区的准实验研究。纳入拥有马桶且有5岁以下儿童的家庭。在获得信息、教育和宣传（IEC）许可后，在干预前从100户代表性家庭收集信息，干预后再从另外100户家庭收集信息。在研究村庄应用PD方法6个月以促进安全处置行为。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）软件（版本24）分析数据。卡方检验用于确定基线数据和终期数据之间差异的显著性。计算效应量以估计基线数据和终期数据之间差异的大小。
干预前，只有3%的家庭将粪便排入马桶，而干预后，近38%的家庭将粪便排入马桶（χ = 37.39；自由度 = 1；P = 0.001）。效应量（克莱默V系数）为0.43。
PD方法在农村地区儿童粪便安全处置方面显示出显著改善。此外，为维持行为改变，需要强调定期频繁强化关键信息。
