Onwubuemeli C, Huber J T, King K J, Johnson C O
J Dairy Sci. 1985 May;68(5):1207-14. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(85)80948-6.
The nutritive value of wet potato processing waste for dairy cattle was determined in two experiments. In Experiment 1, rations contained, on a dry matter basis, 0, 10, 15, and 20% potato waste and were substituted for high moisture corn in diets for 32 lactating Holstein cows for 12 wk. Substituting potato waste for corn did not significantly affect milk yield, milk composition, milk production persistency, or dry matter intake. Cows fed 20% potato waste tended to decrease in milk fat percent and to shift molar proportions of rumen volatile fatty acids toward a decrease in acetate: propionate ratio. In Experiment 2, six steers were used in a 3 X 3 Latin square design to test digestibility and nitrogen utilization of potato waste substituted for high moisture corn at 0, 10, and 20% of the ration dry matter. A second group of four steers with rumen fistulas were used in a 4 X 4 Latin square to test rumen fermentation parameters. Diets contained 0, 10, 20, and 30% potato wastes and were similar to Experiment 1. Potato waste did not significantly affect digestibility of crude protein or dry matter, but at 20% substitution digestibility of acid detergent fiber decreased. Rumen ammonia, acetate, acetate to propionate ratios, and total volatile fatty acids were lower at high intakes of potato waste and pH was increased. The shift in rumen fermentation when large amounts of potatoes were fed explains the depressed butter fat on these rations.
通过两项试验测定了湿马铃薯加工废料对奶牛的营养价值。在试验1中，以干物质计，日粮含有0%、10%、15%和20%的马铃薯废料，替代了32头泌乳荷斯坦奶牛日粮中的高水分玉米，为期12周。用马铃薯废料替代玉米对产奶量、乳成分、产奶持续性或干物质采食量没有显著影响。饲喂20%马铃薯废料的奶牛乳脂率有下降趋势，瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸的摩尔比例变化使得乙酸:丙酸比值降低。在试验2中，6头阉牛采用3×3拉丁方设计，以测定日粮干物质中0%、10%和20%的马铃薯废料替代高水分玉米后的消化率和氮利用率。另一组4头装有瘤胃瘘管的阉牛采用4×4拉丁方设计来测试瘤胃发酵参数。日粮含有0%、10%、20%和30%的马铃薯废料，与试验1相似。马铃薯废料对粗蛋白或干物质的消化率没有显著影响，但替代比例为20%时酸性洗涤纤维的消化率降低。高摄入量的马铃薯废料会使瘤胃氨、乙酸、乙酸与丙酸的比值以及总挥发性脂肪酸含量降低，pH值升高。大量饲喂马铃薯时瘤胃发酵的变化解释了这些日粮中乳脂率降低的原因。
