School of Management Science and Real Estate, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 May 1;923:171203. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171203. Epub 2024 Feb 28.
Surface urban heat island (SUHI) exposure significantly harms human health during rapid urbanization. Identifying the areas and demographic groups under high SUHI exposure is critical for mitigating heat-related hazards. However, despite broad concern in US-European countries, rare studies discuss the diurnal SUHI exposure of demographic subgroups across Local Climate Zones (LCZs) in Chinese cities. Therefore, taking Chongqing as the case study, we measured the diurnal SUHI exposure of demographic subgroups (e.g., gender, age, and income) across different LCZs (compact, open, and sparsely-built zones) by coupling the ECOSTRESS data and mobile phone signaling data. The results indicated that Chongqing's compact high/middle-rise zones suffered a higher SUHI exposure due to high land surface temperature (LST) and a larger size of population than open zones. Despite a relatively low population density, extremely high LST in compact low-rise zones (e.g., industrial parks) contributes to considerable accumulated SUHI exposure. The SUHI exposure risk exhibited the differences between daytime and nighttime, resulting from SUHI variation and population flow. The demographic analysis showed that Chongqing's demographic subgroups are exposed disproportionately to SUHI. Elderly groups suffered relatively high exposure in compact high-rise zones. Low-incomers witnessed a high exposure in open zones. These findings call for alleviating SUHI exposure risk by targeting vulnerable groups and high-intensity exposure areas.
城市表面热岛（SUHI）暴露在快速城市化进程中对人类健康造成严重危害。确定高 SUHI 暴露的区域和人口群体对于减轻与热相关的危害至关重要。然而，尽管美国和欧洲国家广泛关注，但很少有研究讨论中国城市中不同局部气候区（LCZ）中人口亚组的昼夜 SUHI 暴露情况。因此，以重庆为例，我们通过耦合 ECOSTRESS 数据和移动电话信号数据，测量了不同 LCZ（紧凑、开放和稀疏建筑区）中人口亚组（如性别、年龄和收入）的昼夜 SUHI 暴露情况。结果表明，由于较高的地表温度（LST）和较大的人口规模，重庆紧凑的高/中高层建筑区比开放区遭受更高的 SUHI 暴露。尽管人口密度相对较低，但紧凑的低层建筑区（如工业园区）极高的 LST 导致了相当大的累积 SUHI 暴露。SUHI 暴露风险因 SUHI 变化和人口流动而在白天和夜间存在差异。人口统计学分析表明，重庆的人口亚组不成比例地受到 SUHI 的影响。老年人在紧凑的高层建筑区遭受相对较高的暴露。低收入者在开放区暴露度较高。这些发现呼吁通过针对弱势群体和高强度暴露区域来缓解 SUHI 暴露风险。
