天然 HS 供体:超重和肥胖管理的新药理学机会。
Natural HS-donors: A new pharmacological opportunity for the management of overweight and obesity.
机构信息
Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
出版信息
Phytother Res. 2024 May;38(5):2388-2405. doi: 10.1002/ptr.8181. Epub 2024 Mar 2.
The prevalence of overweight and obesity has progressively increased in the last few years, becoming a real threat to healthcare systems. To date, the clinical management of body weight gain is an unmet medical need, as there are few approved anti-obesity drugs and most require an extensive monitoring and vigilance due to risk of adverse effects and poor patient adherence/persistence. Growing evidence has shown that the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (HS) and, therefore, HS-donors could have a central role in the prevention and treatment of overweight/obesity. The main natural sources of HS-donors are plants from the Alliaceae (garlic and onion), Brassicaceae (e.g., broccoli, cabbage, and wasabi), and Moringaceae botanical families. In particular, polysulfides and isothiocyanates, which slowly release HS, derive from the hydrolysis of alliin from Alliaceae and glucosinolates from Brassicaceae/Moringaceae, respectively. In this review, we describe the emerging role of endogenous HS in regulating adipose tissue function and the potential efficacy of natural HS-donors in animal models of overweight/obesity, with a final focus on the preliminary results from clinical trials. We conclude that organosulfur-containing plants and their extracts could be used before or in combination with conventional anti-obesity agents to improve treatment efficacy and reduce inflammation in obesogenic conditions. However, further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish their clinical efficacy.
在过去的几年中,超重和肥胖的患病率逐渐增加,成为医疗保健系统的真正威胁。迄今为止,体重增加的临床管理是一个未满足的医疗需求,因为批准的抗肥胖药物很少,由于不良反应和患者依从性/持久性差的风险,大多数都需要广泛的监测和警惕。越来越多的证据表明,气体递质硫化氢(HS),因此,HS 供体在超重/肥胖的预防和治疗中可能具有核心作用。HS 供体的主要天然来源是来自 Alliaceae(大蒜和洋葱)、Brassicaceae(例如,西兰花、卷心菜和芥末)和 Moringaceae 植物科的植物。特别是,多硫化物和异硫氰酸盐从 Alliaceae 中的蒜氨酸和 Brassicaceae/Moringaceae 中的硫代葡萄糖苷分别缓慢释放 HS。在这篇综述中,我们描述了内源性 HS 在调节脂肪组织功能中的新兴作用,以及天然 HS 供体在超重/肥胖动物模型中的潜在疗效,最后重点介绍了临床试验的初步结果。我们得出结论,含硫植物及其提取物可在肥胖症发生之前或与常规抗肥胖药物联合使用,以提高治疗效果并减轻炎症。然而,需要进一步的高质量研究来确定它们的临床疗效。